摘要
目的了解新疆和田地区长寿老人健康与环境影响因素的现状,探讨有利和有害环境因素与人类健康长寿的关系。方法采用整群随机方法对和田地区洛浦县、墨玉县、和田县共488例长寿老人进行流行病学调查和实验研究,包括体检,问卷调查和居住环境空气中二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、噪声、气温、气流、相对湿度和气压等因素的分析。结果洛浦县、墨玉县、和田县长寿老人居住区气压差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);气温、气流、相对湿度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。室内外气流差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);气温,相对湿度和气压之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。长寿老人居住区有害环境因素SO2含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);其他(NO2,TSP,噪声)测定结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但与国标比较TSP含量超过国家日平均最高允许浓度的1.4～6.4倍,各县噪声测定结果也超过国家卫生标准55Leq,dB(A)。和田地区长寿老人居住区室内外空气中NO2和TSP含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);室内外SO2含量和噪声测定结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论和田地区春夏季节风速大,自然风尘中的颗粒状污染物污染严重,是造成大气污染的主要原因;室内空气污染物NO2和TSP主要来源于燃煤,燃烧木材做饭和取暖产生的煤烟型污染;噪声污染主要来源于交通运输,建筑施工和家用电器的使用。
Objective To understand the status of health and environmental factors of longevity for the elderly,to explore the relationship between beneficial or harmful environmental factors and human health and longevity in Hetian area Xinjiang.Methods Make 488cases of longevity for the elderly epidemiological survey and experimental research by cluster sampling in Lop County,Moyu County and Hetian County,Hetian area,including physical examination,survey and analysis of oxygen saturation（SO2）,NO2,total suspended particulate（TSP）,noise,air temperature,airflow,relative humidity and air pressure in the living environmental air.Results Air pressure was statistically significant（P 〈0.01）;while air temperature,air flow,relative humidity were not statistically significant（P〉0.05）,in Lop County,Moyu County and Hetian County,Hetian area.Air flow was statistically significant（P〈0.01）;while Air temperature,air pressure,relative humidity were not statistically significant（P〉0.05）between the indoor and outdoor.The harmful environmental factors,among them SO2concentration were significant of counties in Hetian area（P〈0.01）,while other environmental factors（TSP,NO2,noise）are not statistically significant（P〉0.05）.But the TSP concentration was over the national health standards 1.4to 1.6times,noise concentration was also over the national health standards of Leq,55dB（A）.The NO2concentration and TSP were statistically significant between the indoor and outdoor（P〈0.05）;While SO2concentration and noise were not statistically significant（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The wind speed is large in spring and summer in Hetian area,which causing to serious particulate pollutants,is the main reason for air pollution.The indoor pollutions TSP and NO2 mainly come from bituminous coal-based pollution of coal,burning wood for cooking and heating.Noise pollution mainly comes from transportation,construction and use of household appliances
出处
《新疆医科大学学报》
CAS
2010年第9期1009-1012,共4页
Journal of Xinjiang Medical University
基金
国家自然科学基金(30860235)
