摘要
以直接法和蒸干法制样后用液闪仪测量了稀土厂废水的总(α+β)放射性比活度(Bq.L-1,下称比活度),以萃取法制样后测量了废水中氡的比活度。测量结果表明,在本实验条件下,以直接法和蒸干法制样测得结果有较大差异,废水的总比活均高于排放标准(GB8978-1996),由直接法所得结果远高于标准;三种废水中的氡均具有较高的比活度和放射性比重(>80%)。指出了常规方法制样测量结果偏低的原因是忽略了废水中氡的放射性"贡献";讨论了废水中氡的来源、迁移和危害性。为综合评估稀土厂"三废"的放射性及其危害性提供了依据。
The total（α＋β） specific radioactivities（Bq·L-1） of waste water from rare earth factories were determined by a liquid scintillation counter after sampling by direct and vaporizing methods,while the specific activities of radon in the waste water were determined after sampling by extracting method.The results showed that the total specific activities of the waste water,especially the values measured by direct method exceeded the Chinese National Standard（GB8978-1996）.The values measured by direct method were different from those by vaporizing method.What′s more,the specific activities of radon in the three kinds of waste water were high and occupied considerable proportion（80%）.Actually,the measuring results using standard sampling methods were the total activities of some nonvolatile radioactive isotopes and neglected the contribution of radon.Furthermore,the source,migration and harmfulness of radon in waste water were discussed.These provided the basis for the comprehensive evaluation on radioactivity and harmfulness of ＂three wastes＂ from rare earth factories.
出处
《中国稀土学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期633-638,共6页
Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths
基金
江苏省科学技术厅社会发展计划项目(BS2006057)资助
关键词
氡
废水
放射性
放射性比活度
稀土
radon
waste water
radioactivity
specific radioactivity
rare earths
