摘要
为揭示雅江源区风沙化土地发育的气候变化背景,通过对雅江源区周边4个基本气象站1973-2007年的逐日气象资料进行等权平均取值,采用气候线性趋势分析法,研究了气温、降水、日照时数、风速等气象因子近35 a的变化特征及趋势。结果表明:(1)雅江源区多年平均降水量为206.12 mm,日平均气温为2.77℃、最高气温为10.72℃、最低气温为-4.81℃,年日照时数为3 295.16 h,年平均风速为2.92 m/s。(2)近35 a来,雅江源区气候变暖趋势明显,1986年以后,平均气温线性升温率为0.77℃/10 a,高于近35 a来的平均值0.47℃/10 a和珠峰地区5站平均线性升温率为0.234℃/10 a。(3)年平均降水量的波动较大,增加趋势不明显,平均增长率为0.43 mm/10 a。降水量主要集中于5-9月,占全年降水量的89.72%。年平均日照时数波动性较大,上升趋势不显著。以5月和10月较高,1月最低。年平均风速下降趋势明显,以3月最大,为3.67 m/s,11月最小,为2.20 m/s。可见,雅江源区是中国同期升温最显著的区域。
The objective of this paper is to reveal the climate background of the aeolian sand landform development in the source region of the Yarlung Zangbo river.Based on air temperature,precipitation,the highest and lowest air temperature,duration of sunshine,and wind speed daily data from 4 meteorological stations around the source region of the Yarlung Zangbo river,the features of climatic change in this region were analyzed comprehensively over the last 35 years from 1973 to 2007 using climatic linear trend methods.The main findings can be summarized as follows：（1） The source region of the Yarlung Zangbo river belongs to the cold and semi-arid highland climate zone with the mean annual precipitation of 206.12 mm,daily average air temperature of 2.77℃,maximum air temperature of 10.72℃ and minimum air temperature of-4.81℃,annual average wind speed of 2.92 m/s,annual sunshine hours for the 3 295.16 h from 1973 to 2007.（2） There was an obvious ascending trend for daily average air temperature in recent 35 years,especially after 1986,the average temperature of the linear growth rate was 0.77℃/10 a,it was higher than the average linear growth rate of 0.47℃/10 a in the past 35 years and an average of 5 stations in Mt.Qomolangma region of 0.234℃/10 a.（3） The fluctuation of annual mean precipitation was lager,and its increasing trend was not obvious,with an average growth rate of 0.43 mm/10 a.Precipitation mainly concentrated in May and September,accounting for 89.72% throughout the year.The rising trend of annual average sunshine hour volatile was not significant,with the highest in May and October,and the lowest in January.The declining trend in annual average wind speed was significant,with the largest in March（3.67 m/s）,the lowest in November（2.20 m/s）.It can be seen that this region was the most significant heating up region over the same period in China.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期63-67,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200809010)
关键词
雅鲁藏布江源区
气候变化
气温
降水
风速
日照时数
source region of the Yarlung Zangbo River
climate change
temperature
precipitation
wind speed
sunshine duration
