摘要
断裂构造是地壳浅层次最重要的构造现象,也是构造地质学研究的主要领域之一。以稳态区域构造应力作用下的岩石变形破坏过程为基础的断裂构造分析理论和方法,受到强地震过程中断裂构造复杂同震变形的挑战。汶川Ms8.0级地震过程中断层同震变形的几何学、运动学特征及其空间变化,为检验断裂构造的几何学、运动学分析的相关理论和方法提供一个现实的范例。本文通过对汶川Ms8.0级地震断层同震位移的方式、规模和空间变化特征分析,提出沿断层走向的位移方式和位移规模的空间变化是区域构造应力和地震动力复合作用的结果。汶川地震过程中地震断层的位移方式和位移规模的空间变化以及同一构造部位的断层摩擦镜面中却出现了不同运动学指向的擦痕线理等特殊的构造现象,对历史断裂构造变形分析中所遵循的某些原则提出了挑战,需要重新审视和研究。
Fractural structures are the most important tectonic phenomenon in the shallow crust level,which is one of the main research fields in structural geology.The theories and methods of fracture analysis,established on deformation and failure process of rocks under steady-state regional tectonic stress,have been challenged by the complex co-seismic deformation of seismic faults in strong earthquake process.The geometry,kinematics and its spatial changes of the co-seismic displacement of earthquake faults in Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake provide the opportunities to check the relative theories and methods for the fracture geometry and kinematics analysis.This paper analyses the characteristics of the co-seismic displacement ways,size and spatial variations of earthquake faults in Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake.It is proposed that the characteristics of the co-seismic displacement ways,size and spatial variations of earthquake faults in Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake could be interpreted as the result of the integrated action of the regional tectonic stress and earthquake dynamics stress.The characteristics of fault co-seismic displacement and its spatial variation,and different direction scratch slickensides occurred on the same fault friction mirror make us confused up how to employ the traditional theories and methods of fault analysis.It is really further investigated for the fault kinemetic historical analysis methods.
出处
《地质调查与研究》
2010年第3期161-166,共6页
Geological Survey and Research
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(编号:40642011)
关键词
汶川地震
地震断层
同震位移
断层构造分析
地震动力作用
Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake
earthquake faults
co-seismic displacement
fault structural analysis
earthquake dynamics
