摘要
粮食安全作为关系国民经济发展、社会稳定和国家自立的战略问题,主要受粮食综合生产能力的影响。本文首先对上世纪90年代以来我国粮食单产、总产、粮食播种面积及其和农作物作物播种面积之比的变化趋势进行了回顾。然后从耕地资源、水资源、气候条件三个方面,分析了我国粮食生产面临的约束性资源制约;从农田水利基础、粮食物流、农业科学技术、农民种粮积极性四个方面,阐述了我国粮食生产的能动性资源制约因素。根据粮食生产的时空特征,从培育与推广、作物栽培与管理、收割与储运、优化粮食生产布局四个方面,探索了提高粮食产量的具体技术措施。最后从我国粮食生产所面临的资源性制约因素和能动性制约因素入手,构建包含激励、效率、预警、服务、抗灾、监督等六大提升我国粮食综合生产能力的长效机制。
The food security is the strategic problem that concern national economy development, social stability, national self-reliance, which is mainly affected by the overall grain production capacity.First, the paper reviewers the variation trend of unit area grain yield and total output,planting area, the ratio of grain and crop sown area in China since 1990s.Then, the bounded resources restriction factors which our country food production faces are analyzed from three aspects of cultivated land resources, waterresources and weatherconditions, and activity resources restriction factorare clarified from fouraspects of irrigation and water conservancy, grain logistics, agricultural technology and farmers＇ enthusiasm in planting.Next, according to the temporal and spatial characteristics of food production, specific technical measures of increasing grain output are put forward from the cultivation and promotion, crop cultivation and management, harvesting and transport, grain production layout optimization.Finally, based on the bounded and activity resources restriction factors faced by our country food production, the long-term mechanism of improving the overall grain production capability which contains incentive, efficiency, early-warning, service, Anti-disasterare constructed.
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期513-518,共6页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
西北农林科技大学青年学术骨干项目资助(编号:Z111020712)
关键词
粮食综合生产能力
粮食安全
制约因素
技术措施
保障机制
the overall grain production capacity
food security
restraining factors
technical measure
safe guard mechanism
