摘要
在中古时期的吐鲁番，田土的种类中有“部田”、“常田”等。但何为“部田”，学术界则来说纷纭，莫衷一是。本文认为，部田可能与水利灌溉的关系最为密切，因为吐鲁番主要靠天山的雪水灌溉，土地的好坏取决于是否有灌溉用水，并随灌溉用水的有无、多少在变化。部田在文字上与薄田相通，中古时期的“白田”指旱田，而从音韵学、文字学角度考察，薄、白又相通，即“白田”之“白”与“薄田”之“薄”也是相通的。由此可知，“部田”是旱田，是无法浇灌或不能保证水利灌溉的土地。与其相对的“常田”则是能够保证水利灌溉的土地。
In the middle ages,there were some kinds of farmland,such as butian 部田,changtian 常田 etc. in Turfan. However,what is butian 部田 is still in hot discussion. This paper argues that butian might have the closest relation with the irrigation in that the irrigation in Turfan mainly relies on the snow water from Tianshan Mountain. The quality of farmland depends on the irrigation water and changes with its amount. Literally,butian 部田 equals to butian 簿田 or botian 薄田, and baitian 白田 refers to the upland in middle ages. Moreover,bo 薄 and bai 白 are alike from the perspective of philology and phonology, that is to say,baitian is the same as botian. Accordingly,butian 部田 is also the upland,which cannot be or cannot guaranteed to be irrigated,while changtian is just the opposite.
出处
《中华文史论丛》
CSSCI
2010年第2期115-122,共8页
Journal of Chinese Literature and History
基金
“教育部人文社會科學重點研究基地項目(08JJD740059)”的階段性成果
