摘要
实证研究离不开数据,当前,官方汇总数据日益成为一种公共产品,研究团体和社会公众有很多渠道获取。但是,由于技术、经济、法律、甚至是政治等种种因素的制约,微观统计数据共享和传播渠道缺失,迫使研究团体和个人自己去进行数据收集,造成大量的重复劳动和财力时间的浪费。同时,对于已有微观统计数据的开发不足,降低了数据收集的回报,严重制约了统计能力的提升。本文对微观数据发布的现状进行了中外比较,讨论了微观数据发布的效用与风险,指出最关键的问题是满足日益增长的数据需求和统计泄密风险的矛盾,并且介绍了当前国际上常用的控制泄密风险的方法,并结合实际情况对中国的微观数据发布提出了相关的建议。
Empirical analysis needs data. Nowadays, official tabular data are increasingly considered as a public good. However, microdata often remain inaccessible to the research communities, due to technical, financial, legal, even political obstacles. Non accessibility to microdata forced users to conduct their own surveys and resulted in duplicated activities and great waste of money and time. At the same time, the existing datasets remained under-exploited, which subsequently limited the return of data collection investment. This paper makes comparison between China and other countries on disseminating microdata; summaries the utilities and the risks of microdata dissemination, and argues that the most important issue is the contradiction between the need of microdata and the disclosure risk; introduces current approaches of statistical disclosure limitation （SDL） ; tries to give some suggestions on China＇s microdata dissemination.
出处
《统计研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第8期14-20,共7页
Statistical Research
基金
山东省统计科研重点研究课题“国外微观数据发布的进展与启示”(KT0918)阶段性成果
