摘要
为了解我国近海风能资源分布状况,本文运用数值模拟手段对中国近海风况进行了高分辨率的研究:①运用中国气象局开发的风能资源数值模拟评估系统(Wind Energy Resource Assessment System,WERAS)中的MM5/Calmet模式对沿海2009年1月-5月逐日模拟计算,并将模拟结果与测风塔资料进行对比,结果表明:月平均风速、逐时风速和风向以及风能参数的分布形态与观测资料均比较吻合,因此认为该模式系统可以用来对我国沿海风能资源进行可靠的数值模拟评估;②运用WERAS对我国沿海20年(1986年-2005年)平均风资源进行1km×(200～400)W/m2,附近海域的多年平均风功率密度约在(300～800)W/m2之间;福建省的风能资源特别丰富,其次是1km分辨率的计算,结果显示:我国沿海风能资源非常丰富,沿海各省70m高度的陆上多年平均风功率密度基本在辽宁省、浙江省和广东省,然后是山东省、河北省、天津市和上海市,最后是江苏省、海南省和广西省;③进一步分析了我国沿海离岸风速变化:辽东半岛东部海域、渤海湾、江苏南部到浙江北部沿海、广州雷州半岛东部海域的风速在离岸后70～85km处不再变化,广西和海南近海风速在离岸后30～40km处基本稳定,其余近海海域风速稳定线基本在离岸50km处。
Offshore wind energy resources were assessed by numerical simulation with high resolution in 11 provinces and cities over China＇s coastal areas in the present work,with the objective to assess the distribution of offshore wind energy resources.First,the wind fields over the coastal areas were simulated by the MM5/Calmet model of the Wind Energy Resource Assessment System（WERAS）on a daily basis from January 1 to May 31,2009.Observations at 43 masts were used to evaluate the model system by comparing with the simulations.The following conclusions were drawn：1）the simulations of monthly average wind speed were generally close to the observations;2）the hourly-based results of wind speed and wind direction were in reasonable agreement with the observations;and 3）the simulated wind energy parameters,involving wind rose,wind power rose,wind frequency distribution and wind power frequency distribution,were found to be in well agreement with observations in January-May,2009.Therefore,the wind energy resources over the coastal and offshore areas simulated by the WERAS system seem to be reliable.Then,the WERAS system was used to assess the average offshore wind energy resource distribution with high spatial resolution of 1km×1km over coastal provinces and cities in China from 1986 to 2005.Results of the 20-year average wind energy resource distribution showed that the wind energy resources were very rich,showing an average wind power density of around（200-400）W/m2 in onshore areas at a 70 m height,and an average wind power density of approximately（300-800）W/m2 in offshore areas.The wind energy resources over the offshore area of Fujian Province were found richest,followed by Liaoning,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Shandong,and Hebei provinces,Tianjing and Shanghai municipalities,and Jiangsu,Hainan and Guangxi provinces.Variations in the offshore wind speed were carefully examined by the 20-year average wind speed in China＇s coastal areas.It was found that the offshore wind speed varied slightly at the distance
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期1434-1443,共10页
Resources Science
基金
国家863课题:"风能资源评估集成软件开发"(编号:2007AA05Z424)
关键词
近海风能资源
天气学分型
数值模拟
风功率密度
沿海风速变化
WERAS
Offshore wind energy resource
Weather classification
Numerical simulation
Wind power density
Offshore wind speed variation
WERAS
