摘要
目的探讨儿科患者呼吸道感染主要病原菌分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法对2007年11月—2008年5月冬春季节北京大兴区人民医院儿科呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽分泌物分离的49株肺炎链球菌、35株流感嗜血杆菌和27株卡他莫拉菌,采用Kirby-Bauer(KB)法进行抗菌药物敏感性检测。结果 3种细菌检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,)。49株肺炎链球菌对红霉素的耐药率高达91.8%(45/49),对青霉素不敏感菌9株,不敏感率为18.4%,多重耐药率高达53.0%;35株流感嗜血杆菌对复方磺胺甲口恶唑耐药率为85.7%(30/35),对氨苄西林和氯霉素敏感。卡他莫拉菌产酶率为66.7%,对氨苄西林和红霉素的耐药率均达到77.8%(21/27)。结论儿童呼吸道感染常见致病菌中肺炎链球菌对红霉素的耐药性很高;流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林敏感;卡他莫拉菌对氨苄西林和红霉素的耐药性很高。儿童呼吸道细菌感染时,应尽量避免使用非β-内酰胺类抗菌药物。应尽量根据药敏结果合理使用抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria isolated from nasopharynteal secretions （Nps） of children with respiratory tract infections and their resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents.Methods Forty-nine stains of Streptococcus pneumoniae,35 of Haemophilus and 27 of moraxella catarrhalis were isolated from Nps of children with respiratory tract infections in pediatric department of Beijing Daxing Hospital.Kirby-Bauer （KB） agar dilution method was used to determine their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.Results There was not significant difference in bacterium detection rate between 3 groups （P〈0.05）.The resistance rate of 49 stains of streptococcus pneumoniae to erythromycin was up to 91.8%,9 stains insensitivity to penicillin （18.4%）,and the multidrug resistant rate reached up to 53.0%.The resistant rate of 35 stains of hemophilus influenza （HI） to compound sulfamethoxazole was 85.7%,sensitive to ampicillin and chloramphenicol.Enzyme production rate of moraxella catarrhalis was 66.7%,its resistance rate to ampicillin and erythromycin was 77.8%.Conclusion The drug-resistance of common pathogenic bacteria of respiratory tract infection in children is not optimistic.Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to erythromycin is high.HI is sensitive to ampicillin.Moraxella catarrhalis resistance to ampicillin and erythromycin is high.Children with respiratory tract infections should avoid using non-β-lactam antibiotics,and should use rationally antibacterials based on drug sensitivity results.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第17期1893-1895,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
链球菌
肺炎
嗜血菌
流感
儿童
抗药性
呼吸道感染
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus
influenzae
Child
Drug resistance：Respiratory tract infections
