摘要
蓝水绿水资源量统一纳入水资源评价与管理中有助于解决水资源短缺问题。本文通过对现有估算方法的分析,认为SWAT模型是可以有效估算蓝水绿水资源量的工具之一,在此基础上,以伊洛河上游卢氏流域为例,建立了SWAT模型估算蓝水绿水资源量,并分析了流域蓝水绿水资源量的时间、空间分布规律。研究结果表明:①卢氏流域1991年-1997年蓝水绿水资源总量是传统水资源量的9倍以上;②蓝水绿水年内分布特点为汛期最高,冬季最低,且绿水流为绿水主要组成部分;③绿水贮存能力在植被覆盖良好的区域较大。蓝水绿水概念为水资源高效利用提供了科学依据,决策者可以根据蓝水绿水时空分布规律,在不同时期、不同区域采取不同的水资源管理方式,从而达到最优的水资源利用模式。
Current studies regarding water resources primarily focus on the qualification of blue water,but seem to pay less attention to green water which should be taken as a part of water resources and particularly is of importance to rain-fed agriculture and ecological systems.Spatially and temporally detailed analysis of different components of water resources are essential for decision-making in water resources planning and management.Blue water is defined as visible liquid water moving above and below the ground in the form of surface or sub-surface runoff,respectively.Green water is referred to as invisible vapor moving to the atmosphere including green water flow and green water storage.In this study,both blue and green water were considered in water resources assessment,which would be helpful for addressing the problem of water shortage.Through an analysis on assessment methods for blue and green water resources,it was considered that the Soil Water Assessment Tool （SWAT）,a semi-distributed hydrological model,was one of most promising and efficient tools to estimate blue and green water resources.The SWAT model was used to simulate hydrologic processes in the Lushi watershed,a semi-arid to semi-humid area located in the upstream of the Yiluo River basin.In the light of the definition of blue water and green water,blue water can be equal to the water yield of surface and ground water,green water flow can be taken as actual evapotranspiration （ET）,and green water storage can be regarded as the soil water storage estimated by the SWAT model.The SWAT model was used to estimate blue and green water resources in the Lushi watershed.Both spatial and temporal distributions of blue and green water resources were analyzed in detail.Results showed that 1） the amount of blue and green water resources is generally 9 times of the amount of conventional water resources in the Lushi watershed;2） the annual blue and green water in the Lushi watershed peaks in flood season,and is lowest in winter.The green water flow is
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1177-1183,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国际合作项目"黄河挑战计划"项目:"黄河水资源量评估
CGIAR Challenge Programon Water and Food Basin Focal Projects(BFP)on Yellow River"(编号:2008X045.BNU)
北京师范大学"京师学者"特聘教授启动经费资助项目(编号:104861)
关键词
蓝水
绿水
SWAT模型
时空分布
水资源
卢氏流域
Blue water
Green water
SWAT model
Spatiotemporal distribution
Water resources
