摘要
利用山西省68个气象台站近48 a(1961-2008年)的逐日降水资料,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall法、Morlet小波变换以及合成分析等统计方法,分析了山西省暴雨发生次数(日数)的时空分布特征及其变化规律。结果表明:全省暴雨发生次数存在由南向北递减的空间分布特征,暴雨主要集中在太行山以南的晋东南一带;在季节分布上,暴雨主要出现在汛期(5-9月),特别是主汛期(7-8月)是全省暴雨最集中的时段;在旬季分布上,暴雨次数从5月中旬开始缓慢增加,7月上旬则急剧增加,7月下旬达到峰值。近48 a来全省暴雨日数呈现出下降趋势,尤其是7月份下降趋势最为明显;上世纪70年代末暴雨发生次数出现了较为明显的转折,全省大部分地区暴雨发生次数有所减少,特别是在晋东南南部一带和吕梁山北部地区减幅最大。
Based on the daily precipitation data from 68 meteorological stations in Shanxi province area during 1961—2008,through linear trend analysis,Mann-Kendall and wavelet analysis,composite analysis were analyzed in the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and their variation of rainstorm days in Shanxi province area.The results shows that there is a spatial distribution characteristic that the number of rainstorm days decreasing from south to north in the Shanxi province,the mainly place that rainstorm occurred concentrated in the southeast of Shanxi in the south of Taihang mountain;by the seasonal distribution,the time of rainstorm occurred is mainly in the flood season（May to September）,particularly the main flood season（July to August）;by the ten days distribution,the time of rainstorm occurred began to increase in mid-May slowly,sharp increase in early July,peaked in late July;in recent 48 a,the days of rainstorm occurred in Shanxi has shown a downward trend,and it is the most obvious in July;in 1970s,there is a more obvious turning point in the days of rainstorms,the number of rainstorms of most place reduced,especially in the south of the southeast of Shanxi and the north of Lvliang mountain.
出处
《气象与环境科学》
2010年第2期25-31,共7页
Meteorological and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题"近百年来我国极端天气气候事件变化特征及其影响"(2007BAC29B02)
"中国气候系统的协同观测与预测研究"项目(GYHY200706005)资助
关键词
山西
暴雨日数
暴雨频次
时空分布
变化趋势
Shanxi
rainstorm days
rainstorm frequency
spatial and temporal distribution
trend
