摘要
以浙江省德清县武康镇新琪村为例,通过污染源及水环境调查,分析平原河网农村小流域面源污染的产生来源与特点,并估算调查区域面源污染负荷及比例。研究结果表明,研究区面源污染的主要来源是水产养殖业、农村生活污水和种植业,水产养殖业氮、磷污染负荷占总污染负荷的31.73%和21.59%;农村生活污水对磷污染负荷贡献最大,占39.48%;氮、磷养分投入过高,导致种植业氮、磷污染负荷比例分别为27.69%和28.53%;畜禽养殖业氮、磷污染负荷比例分别为10.75%和10.40%,对区域氮、磷污染贡献率最低。建议将农业面源污染的控制重点从传统的粮食作物种植区转移到高投入密集型种植业,通过合理的工程和技术措施降低水产养殖业和农村生活污水的污染排放量。
A case study of Xinqi Village,Wukang Town,Deqing County of Zhejiang Province was carried out,through investigation of pollution sources and water environment for analysis of sources and characteristics of the rural non-point source pollution（NPSP） in small watersheds in the river-net plain regions and estimation of load and proportion of different non-point source pollutions in the study area.Results show that aquaculture,rural domestic sewage and crop farming are the main sources of non-point source pollution in the study area.The discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants from aquaculture accounts for 31.73% and 21.59%,respectively,of the total pollution load;rural domestic sewage is the major contributor to the total phosphorus pollution load,accounting for 39.48% of the total;excessive application of N and P fertilizers in crop farming contributes 27.69% and 28.53%,respectively,to the total N and P pollution loads;and livestock and poultry rearing contributes the lowest proportion,being only 10.75% and 10.40%,respectively,to the total N and P pollution load.The use of large quantities of livestock and poultry manure in crop farming for soil building transfers the portion of pollution load from livestock and poultry breeding industry to crop farming.The farmlands cultivated with watermelon,winter jujube and grape are the highest in phosphorus pollution load per unit area;the grain crop fields the lowest,and the strawberry fields the lowest in nitrogen pollution load per unit area.It is,therefore,recommended that the focal point of the control of agricultural non-point source pollution be shifted from traditional grain crop cultivation regions to high-input intensive farming areas and reasonable engineering and technical measures be adopted to reduce the discharge of wastewater from aquaculture and rural domestic sewage.
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期193-198,共6页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家"十一五"重大科技专项(2008ZX07101-006-06)
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD17B03)
关键词
浙北地区
平原河网小流域
农村面源污染
氮
磷
north Zhejiang
small watershed in river-net plain region
rural non-point source pollution
nitrogen
phosphorus
