摘要
为了探究漫湾水库拦沙对上下游干支流河道泥沙理化特性的影响,运用激光粒度、X衍射、X荧光光谱的实验测试方法,对澜沧江中下游干流和主要支流河道的悬移质泥沙及其床沙的理化特性进行了测验。结果显示:澜沧江中下游悬移质泥沙粒径频率曲线多为单峰态,粒度范围较宽,分选性较好,床沙粒径频率曲线呈多折状且很陡,分选性差;泥沙的主要矿物组成为石英,其含量集中在60%～80%范围内;悬沙元素组分具有较好的一致性,床沙微量元素含量从旧州至界碑有下降的趋势;漫湾水库拦沙效应对泥沙的粒度,矿物组分的空间分布存在较大影响,对除硅(Si)以外的常量元素组成影响不大,对重金属元素有一定的拦截作用。研究结果可为澜沧江干流在建的多个水电站对泥沙组成的影响提供参考。
To examine the impacts of the Manwan reservoir sediment trapping on the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediment downstream,laser grain size,XRD and XRF were employed to test the grain sizes,mineralogy and element compositions of suspended sediments and bed loads sampled from the mainstream and many tributaries in the middle and lower parts of the Lancang River.Results indicated that：the grain sizes frequency curves are mostly showed as unimodal and charactered by wide range of grain size distributions;the suspended sediments are well sorted;the bed loads appear bimodal distribution and narrow range of grain sizes,and poorly sorted;suspended sediments and bed loads are primarily composed of quartz which account for 60% to 80% ;element compositions of suspended sediments are not different very much between upstream and downstream,but those of bed loads present a decreasing trend from upstream to downstream;sedimentation in the Manwan Reservoir has evident effects on the grain size and mineralogy of sediment,also causes some changes in the element composition,which is showed as normal elements but silicon take little changes,and some heavy metal are trapped in the reservoir.
出处
《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期112-120,共9页
Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40801218)
云南省科技计划资助项目(2005Z003M)
云南省中青年学术带头人培养项目(2009CI050)
科技部专项资助(2008FY110300-01-02)
关键词
泥沙特征
水库拦沙
粒度分析
矿物组成
澜沧江
sediment characteristics
reservoir sedimentation
grain sizes analysis
mineralogy composition
Lancang River
