摘要
在总结现有估算方法的基础上,从减少大气污染物排放、减少农村面源污染和生态效益3个方面建立环境效益的评价模型,利用已有统计资料和数据,定量评价了我国发展能源农业的潜在环境效益,并分析了其地理分布格局。研究表明:(1)中国农村生物质能蕴藏丰富,2007年我国农村生物质能源总蕴藏量和理论可利用量分别达30.88×108tce(折标煤,t)和5.98×108tce。生物质能源的利用理论可以减少排放SO21674.33万t,NOX246.57万t,CO215.50亿t,CH47524.35万t,总N626.01万t,总P467.96万t,通过使用沼气从而减少砍伐森林2123.99万hm2。(2)中国发展能源农业的环境效益总体上分布不均,省际差异较大。西南、东北地区及河南、河北、山东等省是环境效益较大的地区,效益最少的地区主要分布在上海、北京、天津、青海、宁夏和海南。
Nowadays,China is facing a series of development problems like energy shortage,environmental pollution and ecological deterioration.Bioenergy industry would be a new way to address these problems.Energy agriculture,as the threshold of bioenergy use,would be flourishing in the near future.The development of energy agriculture can restore the abandoned land,reduce the emission of air pollutants and realize the contemporary carbon cycle,showing high potential environmental benefits.Through summarizing existing methods,a model for evaluating environmental benefits resulting from energy agriculture development was developed,and their distribution patterns across China were preliminarily examined based on three aspects,i.e.,reduction of air pollution and rural non-point pollution and ecological effects.Reduction of air pollution was assessed by the comparison of air pollutants emission between direct combustion of biomass energy and use of coal equivalent.Reduction of rural non-point pollution was calculated by the emission reduction of N and P owing to the use of biogas from human and livestock feces.Ecological effects were evaluated by the method of restoration cost,i.e.the use of biogas avoiding chopping forest to get fuel.It was found that biomass energy resource was abundant in China with a total quantity of rural biomass energy resource of 30.88× 108 tce（tons of coal equivalent）,5.98 ×108 tce of which could be potentially used for energy production,reducing emitting 16.74 Mt of SO2,2.47 Mt of NOX,1.5 Gt of CO2,75.24 Mt of CH4,6.26 Mt of TN and 4.67Mt of TP respectively,and chopping 21.24 Mhm2 of forested land potentially and theoretically.Moreover,the potential economic benefits from the development of energy agriculture basically varied from province to province,showing highest values over the southeast and northeast of China as well as Henan,Hebei and Shandong Provinces,while lowest values occurring in Shanghai,Beijing,Tianjin,Ningxia and Hainan cities and provinces.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期826-832,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2007CB210208)
关键词
能源农业
生物质能
环境效益
地理分布
energy agriculture
biomass energy
environmental benefits
geographical distribution
