摘要
本文分析了目前使用的"当量热值法"和"等价值法"两种能源换算方法存在的问题。其中,当量热值法只看能源所含热量大小,忽略不同能源的品位和做功能力的差别,而导致节能评价中出现谬误;等价值法在评价二次能源时考虑实际对应的一次能源量,但由于采用的是全国平均值,在面临实际问题时仍然不能明确给出各个环节的能源损失大小,而在评价一些能源转换环节时出现逻辑矛盾。为了解决以上能源核算和节能措施评价中的问题,本文提出一种综合了能源的数量和品位的"等效电法",某种能源换算为等效电,反映了其在当前工艺和技术水平下的最大做功能力。分析与大批实例表明,采用等效电法可以清楚地给出能源输送与转换各个环节的损失与流通状况,并能够满足能源统计平衡的要求,同时还可以对各种能源转换方式和用能方式做出较科学的分析评价。
The paper analyzes problems and contradictions existed in the conventional conversion methods for energy carriers, that is, the Calorific Value Conversion and Primary Energy Conversion. The calorific value conversion does not consider the grade and working ability of different energy sources, causing mistakes during the evaluation of energy saving measures. The primary energy conversion is not available to balance the entire energy flow and cannot evaluate each link distinctly. The paper introduces a new method to convert energy carriers into electricity equivalent, according to their exergy contained. Examples of electricity equivalent conversion application are given. It also discusses the benefits and accuracy of conversion factors.
出处
《中国能源》
2010年第5期5-11,共7页
Energy of China
关键词
能源核算
能源换算方法
等效电
Energy evaluation
Energy conversion method
Electricity equivalent
