摘要
本文通过对石家庄平原区粮食产量和地下水开采量及埋深动态变化特征的分析,揭示了粮食产量增加对地下水的影响机制。结果表明,除丰水年和枯水年份外,研究区地下水埋深不随主要补给项降水量的增减而表现出明显的增减变化,而与主要排泄项开采量关系密切,表现出明显的开采特性。小麦玉米产量的增加是驱动地下水开采量和埋深变化的根本动因,1982年以前,小麦玉米产量每增加1×104t,开采地下水量将增加1400×104m3,地下水埋深增加0.0448m;从1982年开始,小麦玉米产量每增加1×104t,地下水累积超采量平均增加3000×104m3,地下水埋深增加0.0705m。
In the Shijiazhuang Plain, surface water has been almost drying up. To this end, groundwater has been pumping for agriculture irrigation, accounting for about 80% of the total groundwater exploitation. In order to reserve and protect groundwater resources, it is critical to examine the relationship between groundwater exploitation and grain production. In the present work, the authors first analyzed variation characteristics of grain production and groundwater exploitation as well as buried depth. Then the authors utilized certain statistical methods to explore the mechanism of the impact of increases in grain production on groundwater. The results showed that groundwater buried depth did not change significantly with changes in precipitation; it was a major recharge item in normal years. However, in dry years and wet years, it fluctuated with variations in precipitation. In addition, variations in the water buried depth showed a similar variation trend with groundwater exploitation; it was taken as a major discharge item in this case. Before the year 1982, there exists a linear relationship between the water buried depth and groundwater exploitation, showing decreases in the water buried depth with increases in groundwater exploitation. After the year 1982, water buried depth varied with accumulated over-exploitation of groundwater because the exploitation in each year exceeded groundwater resources available. From the derived relationship curve of the groundwater exploitation and buried depth, it was estimated that a mean of exploitation was 2.262×109 m3 in the 1970s as available groundwater exploitation. On the one hand, the groundwater buried depth varied with groundwater exploitation year by year during the period. On the other hand, exploitation in year 1981 was found to be so close to the mean in the 1970s, which was obviously a turning point for the relationship. In the study areas, winter wheat and summer maize are major water consumption crops. Therefore, increases in wheat and maize productions were c
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期535-539,共5页
Resources Science
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目课题:"区域水资源特征与农作物布局结构适应性研究"(编号:2007BAD69B02)
"973"国家重点基础性研究项目课题:"海河流域二元水循环模式与水资源演变机理"(编号:2006CB403401)
关键词
石家庄平原区
粮食增产
地下水开采量
地下水埋深
影响机制
Shijiazhuang Plain Grain production increases Groundwater exploitation Groundwater buried depth Influence mechanism
