摘要
研究降解高氯酸盐环境污染物微生物的形态特征、分子系统特征、生长特性和降解活性。利用PCA选择性培养基富集分离高氯酸根降解菌,观察其形态,进行生理生化测定,用分子克隆技术获得菌株的16SrDNA基因并测序,并对菌株的16S rDNA基因序列进行比对和系统发育分析,并用培养技术和离子色谱法检测菌株对底物的利用和降解情况。从镇江江滨和镇江新区污水处理厂的活性污泥中分别分离到一株能降解高氯酸根的菌株JD14和JD125。此菌株在24～30℃条件下较快地降解底物高氯酸盐,其中在24℃下,15d内可以将初始质量浓度为1600mg·kg-1的高氯酸根降解(86±6.5)%。对两菌株的16S rDNA基因进行了克隆和测序,并进行系统发育分析,结果表明菌株JD14和Dechloromonas sp.SIUL相似度高达100%,JD125和Dechlorospirillum相似度达97%,最后鉴定JD14和JD125属于高氯酸盐降解菌。此前国内并无降解高氯酸根微生物的报道,对今后在环境污染防治中开发利用此类细菌具有指导意义。
Objective It was to study the morphological characteristics,molecular phylogeny of microbes,growth characteristics and catabolic capability degrading environmental pollutants such as perchlorate.Methods a selective PCA medium was used to isolate Perchlorate-Reducing bacterium,observing their morphology,routine physiological and biochemical experiment,molecular cloning technique was used to obtain the 16S rDNA gene then they were sequenced,aligned the relative 16S rDNA gene sequences and constructed the phylogenetic tree.Finally,cultivating technique and ion chromatography methods were used to determine the degrading of substrates.Results,two Perchlorate-Reducing bacterium JD14 and JD125 was isolated from the activated sludge of jiangbin and xinqu wastewater treatment plant in Zhenjiang.The strains degraded perchlorate well under 24～30 ℃.Basing on the sequence and the related sequences in the GenBank database,a multialignment was conducted then a phylogenetic tree was constructed.It showed that the similarity between JD14 and Dechloromonas sp.SIUL is up to 100%,that of JD125 and Dechlorospirillum is up to 97%.Conclusion The study revealed for the fist time that Perchlorate-Reducing bacterium could degrade Perchlorate,which would guide the treatment of environmental contaminations with the bacterium.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期281-285,共5页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50778083/E080402)
江苏大学高级人才基金资助项目(09JDG060)
