摘要
扩大内需不是一个简单地让老百姓花钱的问题,关键是要优化产业结构,调整国民收入分配结构,转变"高投资、高出口、低消费"的经济增长方式。从理论上来说,高等教育与其通过扩招直接刺激消费,不如通过提升人力资本,促进社会流动,间接参与扩大内需。但从现实来看,由于体制限制尤其是高中教育机会瓶颈,高等教育不仅难以有效转移农村剩余劳动力,反而加剧了贫富分化;由于脱离经济要素禀赋的仓促扩招,高等教育不仅难以优化产业结构,反而加剧了失业问题。要激活高等教育参与扩大内需的作用,需要按社会需求调整高等教育,并采取一系列配套措施。从长远来看,要视教育为软基础建设,真正按照教育规律办教育。
In China,expanding domestic demand is not simply stimulating consumption,but mostly depends on the optimization of industrial structure,adjustment of national income distribution system,and transformation of current mode of economic growth-' high investment,high export,but low consumption'.Theoretically speaking,instead of directly stimulating consumption through the expansion of enrollment,higher education could do a better job of expanding domestic demand indirectly by the means of upgrading human capital and promoting social mobility.However,in reality,due to the disconnection between middle school and higher education institutes(HEIs),higher education in China failed to transfer effectively the surplus workforce in the countryside,and has aggravated the polarization between the rich and the poor instead.Furthermore,with such a hasty enrollment expansion,higher education in China remains incapable of optimizing the nation’s industrial structure,and has made the unemployment problem even worse.To bring into full play HEIs’ role of helping expanding domestic demand,we should restructure China’s higher education in the light of current social needs,and take a series of measures to facilitate such a reform.For the sake of long-term interest,education should always be regarded as a part of the institutional infrastructure,and be developed strictly according to the laws of education itself.
出处
《现代大学教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期44-49,共6页
Modern University Education
基金
教育部委托项目"高等院校参与扩大内需问题研究"
关键词
高等教育
扩大内需
“两高一低”
软基础建设
higher education
expand domestic demand
'two high levels and one low level'
institutional infrastructure building
