摘要
宁夏灌区土壤多为灌淤土和淡灰钙土，磷肥施用受Ca、Mg离子的束缚，易被固定成难溶性磷酸盐，从而影响到作物产量及磷肥当年利用效率。本文在高磷（速效P 42.8mg/kg）和低磷（速效P 6.55mg/kg）的不同土壤上，分别进行了春小麦磷肥（P2O5）施量0–330kg/hm2的回归试验。其结果得出：在低磷土壤上，磷肥（P2O5）施量（x,kg/hm2）与春小麦产量（Y, kg/hm2）的回归方程为：Y=4072.1＋5.014x＋0.1296x2-0.0003133x3,增产效果极显著；而在高磷土壤上磷肥增产效果不显著。磷肥施量在0—240 kg/hm2的施用范围内，低磷土壤有显著的投入产出效益，试验投入产出效益为10—24元/元（小麦价格2.1元/kg,磷肥P2O5价格8.61元/kg），最高投入产出效益对应的磷肥施量为135 kg/hm2。因此针对宁夏灌区土壤肥力，提出了中低产田春小麦高产的推荐施磷方案以及高肥力土壤条件下小麦磷肥的施肥建议，可结合耕翻深施磷肥或磷肥、有机肥混合施，改善土壤PH值及微生物活性，提高磷肥肥效。
Applying phosphorus was easily bounded by Ca＋2 and Mg.2 and formed as insoluble phosphate in Ningxia Irrigation Area because the soil was classed as irrigation-silting soil and/or light sierozem, consequently the crop yield and P Use Effect were influenced greatly. In this paper, experiments were carried on different fields with high phosphorus level （available P, 6.55 mg/kg） by applying phosphorus from 0 to 330 kg/hm2 42.8 mg/kg） and low phosphorus level and divided into twelve treatments wi （available P, th 30 kg/hm2 interval. And the experiments were carried with three replication randomized block design. The results showed that phosphorus had a significant yield-increasing effect at low phosphorus field, and regression between P205 applying（x, kg/hm2） and yield（y, kg/hm2） was set up as y=4072.1 ＋5.014x＋0.1296x2-0.0003133x3, but at high phosphorus, the yield-increasing effect was not significant. So suggestions were put forward that Applying phosphorus from 0 to 240 kg/hm2 had positive invest effect at low phosphorus level, within this paper, the P investment and produce effect were from 1.5 to 5.59 yuan/yuan （The price of wheat, 2.1 yuan/kg, of P205, 8.61 yuan/kg） and the max P investment and produce effect existed at P205 applying amount of 135 kg/hm2. In addition, suggestions were also given to increase P use effect at middle-and-low-yield field and high-yield field according soil fertility in Ningxia Irrigation, such as combined tillage to increase phosphorus applying depth, applying phosphorus with organic manure, modulate pH with acidic fertilizer and increasing microorganism biological activity in soil.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期162-167,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
宁夏科技攻关项目"优势粮食作物持续增产技术研究"
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设"宁夏小麦综合试验站"专项资金
关键词
春小麦
磷肥
增产效果
宁夏灌区
spring wheat
phosphorus
yield-increasing effect
Ningxia Irrigation Area
