摘要
选用3个氮利用效率(NUE)和3个氮收获指数(NHI)显著不同的水稻基因型,在土培盆栽试验下,研究了施氮量(0、180和360kg/hm2)对水稻花后植株干物质和氮积累与转运的影响及与氮营养效率的关系。结果表明,施氮降低了水稻NUE和NHI,NUE和NHI差异分别以低氮和高氮为最大。施氮提高了水稻干物质和氮总积累量、花后积累量及转运量。不同NHI水稻花后干物质和氮转运率及转运贡献率随施氮量增加而增加,不同NUE水稻则降低。不同NUE水稻花前干物质积累和花后转运量差异最大,不同NHI水稻花后干物质积累和转运差异量最大。不同NUE水稻花后氮积累量差异最大,不同NHI水稻花后氮积累和转运差异最大。相关分析表明,水稻NUE与干物质积累总量、花后氮积累量、氮转运率和转运氮贡献率密切相关;而NHI与花后干物质转运量和转运氮贡献率的关系最大。因此,同一施氮量下,增加水稻干物质积累总量、降低花后氮积累量和促进花后氮高效转运是提高NUE的重要措施,提高花后干物质转运量和转运氮贡献率则有利于提高NHI。
Using three rice genotypes with different nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） and three rice genotypes with different nitrogen harvest index （NHI）, the effects of nitrogen rates （0 kg/hm2, 180 kg/hm2 and 360 kg/hm2） on accumulation and transfer of dry matter and nitrogen in relation to NUE and NHI were investigated in pot experiments. The results showed that the increasing nitrogen rate reduced NUE and NHI, and the genotypic differences of NUE in low nitrogen and NH! in high nitrogen were highest. The increasing nitrogen increased accumulation and transfer amounts of dry matter and nitrogen over the whole growth period and after anthesis in rice. The ratio of dry matter and nitrogen transfer to grain and contribution ratio of transferred dry matter and nitrogen to grain in rice genotypes with different NHI increased with the increasing nitrogen rate, but those in rice genotypes with different NUE reduced. The differences of pre-antbesis dry matter accumulation and post-anthesis dry matter transfer amount in different rice genotypes with NUE were the largest and the differences of post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and post-anthesis dry matter transfer amount in different rice genotypes with NHI were the largest. The difference of post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation in different rice genotypes with NUE was the largest and the differences of post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation and transfer amount in different rice genotypes with NHI were largest. Correlation analysis indicated that the relationships between NUE and total dry matter accumulation, post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation, ratio of nitrogen transfer to grain and contribution ratio of transferred nitrogen to grain were significant, the relationships between NHI and post-anthesis dry matter transfer amount and contribution ratio of transferred nitrogen to grain were maximum. It is suggested that increasing total dry matter accumulation, decreasing post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation and accelerating post-anthesis nitrogen to grains in rice were the
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期150-156,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(30030090)
国家863计划项目(2003AA209030)资助
关键词
水稻
施氮量
氮利用效率
氮收获指数
干物质积累运转
氮积累运转
rice
nitrogen rate
nitrogen use efficiency
nitrogen harvest index
dry matter accumulation and transfer
nitrogen accumulation and transfer
