摘要
目的:分析海岛地区1999-2008年水质卫生现状,为改善海岛居民饮水卫生提供科学依据。方法:依据国家生活饮用水卫生标准,采用生物质量指数法对集中式供水和分散式供水水质进行监测和卫生学评价。结果:10年间自来水合格率为45.57%,项次合格率为92.56%,10年总体平均值卫生质量指数均Pi<1;按年份分析,锰、耗氧量、浑浊度超标,卫生质量指数Pi>1;简易水站自流水合格率为11.52%,项次合格率为86.87%,年平均值细菌总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度超标,卫生质量指数Pi>1;井水合格率为4.54%,项次合格率为87.15%,年平均值细菌总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度超标,卫生质量指数Pi>1。自来水存在耗氧量、锰、铁超标问题,而分散式供水主要存在消毒问题。结论:应加强水资源保护综合治理工作,提高水质净化消毒能力,确保海岛饮水卫生安全。
Objective To analyze the present situation of sanitary quality of water in island area from 1999 to 2008 and to provide scientific proof in improving the sanitary condition of drinking water for residents living on the islands.Methods In accordance with Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water in China, biological quality index was used to monitor and make hygienic evaluation of water qualityof centralized water supply and non--centralized water supply. Results The qualified rate of tap water in the 10 years was 45.57% with item--times qualified rate reaching 92.56%, and both population meant of health quality index Pi〈1. Analyzing annually, manganese, oxygen consumption and turbidity exceeded the standard with health quality index Pi〉1. The qualified rate of artesian water from simply--constructed water station was 11.52% with item--times qualified rate reaching 86. 87%. Annual average of total bacterial count, total coliform and turbidity exceeded the standard with health quality index Pi〉1. The qualified rate of well water was 4. 54% with item--times qualified rate reaching 87.15%. Annual average of total bacterial count, total coliform and turbidity also exceeded the standard with health quality index Pi〉1. Problems of over--standard oxygen consumption,manganese and iron existed in tap water,while the problem for non--centralized water supply was mainly poor disinfection. Conclusion The comprehensive control work of water resources protection should be strengthened and the ability of water purification and disinfection needs improving to ensure sanitation and safety of drinking water on the islands.
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2010年第2期120-122,共3页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
关键词
饮水卫生
卫生监测
卫生学评价
drinking water safety
hygiene monitoring
hygienic evaluation
