摘要
分别从水文系统的降水、蒸发、径流和土壤水分及水资源系统供水、需水和水资源管理等方面综述了区域水文水资源对气候变化的响应，提出了作者的看法。自从工业革命以来，由于人类改造自然界的能力日益增强，使大气中ＣＯ２及其它温室气体的浓度大幅度上升，导致温室效应，使全球气候变暖，对天气系统。
The paper reviewed the climatic change effects on regional hydrological systems and water resources systems, and forwarded the comments on these researches. Researches on hydrological system response to climatic change focused on four fields: precipitation, evaportranspiration, soil moisture and runoff. Under climatic change, precipitation would be redistributed, with increase in some regions and decrease in others, as well as soil moisture. The potential evaporation would increase due to temperature rising, but the actual evaporation would vary with the different climatic change scenarios. Runoff response to climatic change is the most interested to the researchers. Affected by temperature and precipitation change, runoffs from research results differed greatly from various research methods and regions. But runoff in high latitude zones or ice￣cover riverbasins would mostly increase, particularly in the Spring. Research on water resources management under climatic change attracted researchers' much attention in the fields of water supply, water demand and water resources management. But thanks to larger uncertainties in hydrological responses to climatic change research, it is far away to practice positive countermeasures to climatic change. On the other hand, some traditional hydrological analysis methods would hinder smooth adjustment to climatic change. But these researches on climatic change and water resources and hydrology still formulated a research framework and we could get some uncertainties from them.
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第4期435-443,共9页
Geographical Research
关键词
气候变化
水文响应
水资源管理
climatic change, hydrological response, water resources management
