摘要
目的分析南京市便民河水系以环境改造为主的血吸虫病综合治理效果,为制定该水系下一步防治措施提供依据。方法纵向调查1998-2007年便民河河道钉螺、水中哨鼠和周边人群血吸虫感染情况,分析比较不同年份人群感染率、不同环境哨鼠感染率和钉螺感染率变化。结果1998-2007年在便民河水系检获并解剖钉螺77395只,查出感染性钉螺27只,钉螺总感染率为0.03%;综合治理工程后水系内钉螺感染率总体呈下降趋势。在通江口相邻江滩捕捉并解剖钉螺61039只,检获感染性钉螺257只,钉螺总感染率为0.42%,与水系河道内钉螺感染率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=248.55,P<0.01)。河道护坡后,水系哨鼠感染率由1998年的69.68%下降到2001年的17.50%,下降了74.89%,河道滩面清理后2年未发现哨鼠感染现象。1998-2007年居民感染率分别为1.96%、1.37%、1.34%、1.60%、0.30%、0.26%、0.16%、0.10%、0.04%和0,综合治理后人群血吸虫感染率逐年下降。结论通江河道实施以消除钉螺孳生地为手段的控制措施取得了明显效果,但还需定期对重新形成的钉螺孳生地进行清理以巩固效果。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive control for schistosomiasis with emphasis on environmental modification in the Bianmin River water system of Nanjing City, so as to provide scientific evidence for making up further control measures in this water system. Methods Schistosome infections of Oncomelania snails in the waterway, sentinel mice in water and neighbouring human were investigated longitudinally from 1998 to 2007, and the changes of human infection rates in different years, the infection rates of sentinel mice and snails in different settings were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 77 395 snails collected from the Bianmin River water system were dissected from 1998 to 2007, and among them, 27 snails were infected with Schistosoma japonicum, with a total snail infection rate of 0.03%. A total of 61 039 snails collected from the neighbouring marshland which was connected to the Yangtze River were dissected, and among them, 257 were infected with S. japonicum, with a total snail infection rate of 0.42%, and there was a significant difference compared with that in the water system （X^2 = 248.55, P 〈0.01 ）. After the protection works in the waterway, the infection rates of sentinel mice in the water system decreased from 69.68% in 1998 to 17.50% in 2001, with a reduction rate of 74.89%. Two years after the clearance of marshland in the water- way, no infected sentinel mouse was found. The infection rates of residents from 1998 to 2007 were 1.96%, 1.37%, 1.34%, 1.60%, 0. 30%, 0.26% ,0. 16%, 0. 10%, 0.04% and 0, respectively, and the rates declined year by year after the comprehensive control. Conclusions The control measures based on the elimination of snail habitats in the waterway that is connected to the Yangtze River have achieved obvious effect. However, the clearance of the re-emerging snail habitats should be carried out termly to consolidate the control effect.
出处
《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第1期47-50,共4页
Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control
基金
江苏省地病协会资助项目(X200508)
关键词
血吸虫病
环境改造
综合治理
便民河
南京市
Schistosomiasis
Environmental modification
Comprehensive control
Bianmin River
Nanjing City
