摘要
目的了解阶梯式习服在急性重型高原病(即高原肺水肿及高原脑水肿)预防中的作用。方法通过对2003年3—10月中旬进入青藏铁路西藏段(唐古拉山口至西藏拉萨段)施工的22200名施工人员重型急性高原病的发病情况调查,并对采用不同方式进入高原的发病情况进行比较,对采用阶梯式方式进入高原的发病情况进行分析。结果2003年7个月中,共计进入青藏铁路西藏段施工人员22200名,发生高原肺水肿184例(男180例,女4例,年龄20～45岁)及高原脑水肿155例(均为男性,年龄22～44岁),发病率分别为0.83%和0.70%。位于同海拔高度的阶梯式者与未习服者比较,未习服者的发病率明显高于阶梯式习服者。结论急性重型高原病的发病率随着海拔的升高而增高。平原大规模人群进入高原地区,采用阶梯式习服方式进入高原能有效降低急性重型高原病的发病率,而对于大规模人群急进高原,在海拔2500m左右建立习服站不失为一种较好的办法。
[ Objective] To understand the effect of step-altitude acclimatization on prevention of acute severe altitude sickness （ high altitude pulmonary edema and high altitude cerebral edema}. [ Methods] From mid-March to mid-October 2003, the incidence of a- cute severe high altitude disease among 22,200 workers in the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway of Tibet section （Tanggula pass to Lhasa of Tibet } were investigated. The incidence of people with different forms into plateau was compared, The incidence of people with ladder mode into the plateau was analyzed. [ Results] During 7 months in 2003, a total of 22 200 workers accessed to Tibet section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway; 184 cases of high altitude pulmonary edema occurred { 180male cases, 4 female cases, aged 20 -45 years}, and 155 cases of high altitude cerebral edema { all male cases, aged 22 ~44 years}. The incidence was O. 83% and 0.70%, respectively. Compared workers with step-altitude acclimatization with workers without acclimatization located in the same altitude, the incidence of the former was significantly lower than the latter. [ Conclusion] The incidence of acute severe altitude sickness increases with the higher elevation. When large scale people entering plateau areas from plain, using the step-altitude acclimati- zation can effectively reduce the incidence of acute severe high altitude disease;and as for radical access to plateau by large crowds, the establishment of acclimatization station at an altitude of 2,500 meters, may be a better approach.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2010年第2期147-148,共2页
Occupation and Health
关键词
高原
青藏铁路
阶梯式习服
高原肺水肿
高原脑水肿
Plateau
Qinghai-Tibet Railway
Step-altitude acclimatization
High altitude pulmonary edema
High altitude cerebral edema
