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东太平洋海隆13°N附近热液硫化物中的元素、同位素组成及其变化 被引量:10

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摘要 测定了东太平洋海隆13oN附近1个站位(103o54.48′W,12o42.30′N,水深2655m)热液硫化物的矿物、元素和同位素组成.热液硫化物主要由闪锌矿、黄铜矿和黄铁矿等组成,且在ep-s-1层含有次生氧化形成的针铁矿,为富Zn型硫化物,其稀有元素Li(0.15×10-6~0.30×10-6),Be(0.01×10-6~0.05×10-6),Zr(73.8×10-9~1344×10-9),Nb(8.14×10-9~64.7×10-9),Hf(2.54×10-9~28.0×10-9)和Ta(0.203×10-9~1.21×10-9)含量远低于洋壳,具有相对高Au含量,低Co,Ni,Sr,Cs,Ba,Bi和U含量的特点.热液硫化物中Zn-Cr,Cd-Ga,Cu-P和P-In之间均存在显著的正相关关系(R2>0.8),而Zn-Fe和Cu-Ba之间均存在显著的负相关关系(R2>0.8).从低温矿物组合到高温矿物组合,热液硫化物中的分散和稀有元素(In,Li,Cs等)含量在空间上的分布也发生了相应的变化,且热液硫化物中锌、铁和铜硫化物分别控制了Cd,Cs和P等元素含量的变化.由于海底风化作用,使得含次生氧化矿物的红褐色硫化物氧化层中V,Mn和REE等元素相对富集,使ep-s-1层具有与海水一致的REE配分模式,并对热液硫化物中元素比值之间的相关性产生明显的影响.同时,从高温矿物组合到低温矿物组合,热液硫化物中Fe含量和δ34S值逐渐增加,Zn含量和铅同位素比值逐渐减小,反映出海水对热液硫化物形成过程中的元素和硫、铅同位素组成的影响逐渐增加.
出处 《中国科学(D辑)》 CSCD 北大核心 2009年第12期1780-1794,共15页 Science in China(Series D)
基金 国家自然科学基金(批准号:40830849) 国家大洋重大专项课题(编号:DYXM-115-02-1-03)资助
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