摘要
在MS分化培养基中分别添加不同浓度的秋水仙素和二甲戊灵,以"改良蒜"的蒜瓣基部为外植体诱导愈伤组织染色体变异并再生植株,观察根尖细胞染色体数和叶片下表皮保卫细胞特征检测诱变效果。结果表明:大蒜染色体数变异受诱变剂浓度和处理持续时间的影响,诱变剂高浓度和短时间处理均有利于大蒜愈伤组织的分化;添加0.1%秋水仙素处理5 d,愈伤组织存活率为80.7%,分化率为78.1%,四倍体的诱导率为4%;添加100μmol/L二甲戊灵处理5 d,愈伤组织存活率为100%,四倍体的诱导率为6%。对根尖细胞染色体和叶片下表皮气孔数目和大小观察显示,诱变株具有四倍体的基本特征。说明二甲戊灵能在离体条件下有效诱导大蒜产生四倍体,可替代秋水仙素对大蒜染色体的加倍作用。
Callus induced from garlic clove stem cv.Gailiang was used to induce chromosome variation in vitro with colchicine or pendimethalin at three different concentrations added in the MS culture medium.The effects of induction were identified by observing the chromosome number in root tip cells and the guard cell characteristics on lower epidermis of the induced plantlet leaves.The results show that the chromosome variation is influenced by the concentration of inducing agents and the duration of induction.Higher concentration and short duration of inducing agent treatments are better to callus formation.The callus survive rate is 80.7%,callus differentiation rate is 78.1% and the frequency of tetraploid is 4% for 0.1% colchicine treated for 5 days.The callus survival rate reaches 100% and the frequency of tetraploid is 6% for 100 μmol/L pendimethalin treated for 5 days.Observation of the chromosome number in root tip cells and the stomata number and size on lower epidermis of leaves indicated that the induced plantlets show the basic characteristics of tetraploid.Pendimethalin can induce tetraploid effectively,and it is thought a substitute for colchicine in garlic chromosome doubling.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第12期2571-2575,共5页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903018-7)
西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金(2009-71)
关键词
大蒜
秋水仙素
二甲戊灵
染色体加倍
garlic（Allium sativum L.） colchicine pendimethalin chromosome doubling
