摘要
目的了解被告知艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测阳性结果的感染者,艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为(KAB)的现状及影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,调查727名在2006年1月至2007年12月期间被告知HIV阳性检测结果的感染者,调查一般人口学特征、艾滋病相关知识、认知态度、情绪状况、医疗卫生服务及性行为发生等情况。结果727名已知阳性检测结果的HIV感染者中,艾滋病知识知晓率为66.71%。50%以上的调查对象对艾滋病的易感性、安全套使用益处和自我效能的认知态度尚处于低水平。503人过去6个月发生过性行为,平均安全套使用率为83.30%。艾滋病知识知晓和过去6个月与固定性伴发生性行为时是否坚持使用安全套之间的差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.42,P<0.05)。民族(汉族和傣族,χ2=3.89,P<0.05)、婚姻状况(已婚/同居和离异/丧偶,χ2=34.34,P<0.05),免费安全套可及性(χ2=21.16,P<0.05)、检测告知是否规范(χ2=7.63,P<0.05)、是否获得艾滋病公众信息(χ2=3.87,P<0.05)及是否获得安全套使用方面的建议(χ2=6.23,P<0.05)与过去6个月是否发生性行为之间的差异有统计学意义。结论被告知HIV检测阳性结果的HIV阳性人群,艾滋病知识总体知晓率较高,但大多数对艾滋病的认知态度尚处于较低水平,感染者过去6个月发生性行为时不能坚持使用安全套的比例仍然较高。应进一步开展形式多样的艾滋病防治知识健康教育,以促进艾滋病认知态度、健康信念和行为的形成。
Objective To explore AIDS-related KAB （knowledge, attitudes and behavior） and impact factors among people informed of their HIV positive status in four counties in China. Methods A total of 727 individuals who had been informed of their HIV-positive status were interviewed by trained local health care professionals and peer educators using questionnaires to investigate their demographic characteristics, AIDS awareness, attitude to AIDS, medical health care services and related risk sexual behaviors. Results The total rate of AIDS awareness was 66. 71% and more than half of the surveyed subjects had a low level of AIDS cognition and attitude （such as AIDS susceptibility, benefit of using condoms and self efficacy）. Among 503 who had sexual behaviors in the last six months, the average rate of using condoms was 83.30 % The difference between the awareness of AIDS and persistent use of condom in the last 6 months had statistical significance（Χ^2= 7.53, P〈0. 05）. Ethnicity （the Dai and Han ethnics（Χ^2 = 3.89, P〈0.05）, marriage status（married, cohabiting, divorced and widowed, Χ^2 = 34.34, P〈 0.05） ,accessibility of free condom use（Χ^2 =21.16, P〈0.05）, normative HIV testing and informing service（Χ^2 = 7.63, P〈0.05） and availability of AIDS-related public information（Χ^2 =3.87,P〈0.05） and acquisition of advice on condom use （Χ^2 =6.23, P〈0.05） were mainly associated with condom use in the last 6 months, and the difference between them had statistical significance. Conclusions Although AIDS awareness rate among the surveyed subjects is relatively high, most of them have a low level of AIDS cognition and attitude and the frequency of condom use in the 6 last months is also low. Therefore, various forms of health education on AIDS awareness should be employed to promote AIDS related cognition and attitude and healthy behavior.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
2009年第6期607-610,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
美国疾病预防控制中心全球艾滋病资助项目(GAP2008-2009-3.9)
卫生部艾滋病防治应用性研究项目(WA-2007-06)
关键词
艾滋病
知识
态度
行为
安全套使用
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS）
Knowledge
Attitude
Behaviors
Condom use
