摘要
目的探讨在地震灾害发生半年后丧亲者与非丧亲者创伤后应激障碍、焦虑和抑郁的关系及对比情况。方法采用一般情况调查表、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）检查表、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）在地震半年后对都江堰灾区安置点的人群560人进行调查。结果10．9％的被调查者在地震中丧失亲人。丧亲组符合PTSD症状诊断的比例（44．4％）显著高于非丧亲组（15．1％）（t=4．737，P〈0．05）.丧亲组中重度抑郁、焦虑和自杀观念的发生率分别为55．5％、44．4％和44．5％显著高于非丧亲组17．4％、16．7％和14．2％（χ^2=46．522．P〈0．01）。丧亲组符合PTSD症状诊断者中合并中重度抑郁的占79．2％，合并焦虑或明显焦虑的占75％；中重度抑郁中合并焦虑或明显焦虑的占83．4％。抑郁总分、焦虑总分、既往焦虑、噩梦、丧亲后感到寂寞为丧亲者创伤后应激障碍症状的预测因素。结论地震灾区丧亲者的抑郁、焦虑、自杀观念及符合PTSD症状诊断的均较非丧亲者高。丧亲人群的抑郁、焦虑及PTSD症状三者共病率高。丧亲者PTSD症状的预测因素是多方面的。
Objective To compare the differences of PTSD symptoms,depression and anxiety between bereaved and non-bereaved survivors,and to explore the risk factors of PTSD among victims of the Sichuan earthquake 2008. Methods To investigate the mental health status among 560 survivors of disaster six-month after the earthquake using post-traumatic stress disorder Checklist, Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）. Results There were 10.9% of victims who lost their relatives in the earthquake. The rates of PTSD symptoms among bereaved survivors （44.4%） were significantly higher than non-bereaved group （15.1%） （P 〈 0.05 ）. The rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among bereaved survivors （ 55.5% ,44.4% , and 44.5% ） were significantly higher than that of the non-bereaved group respectively （ 17.4%, 16.7% , and 14.2% ） （P 〈 0. 001 ）. Bereaved survivors with PTSD symptoms reported comorbidity of medium to severe depression （79.2%） and anxiety symptoms （75%）. Bereaved survivors with medium to severe depression reported comorbidity of anxiety symptoms （83.4%）. Total score of depression and anxiety, previous anxiety, nightmare, and feeling of being lonely could predict the level of PTSD symptoms. Conclusion The rates of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation,and PTSD symptoms of bereaved survivors were significantly higher than non-bereaved group. There were multi-factors which could predict PTSD in bereaved survivors. Bereaved survivors were high risk victims of PTSD,depression.and anxiety.
出处
《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第12期1109-1111,共3页
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
关键词
创伤后应激障碍
焦虑
抑郁
丧亲者
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Anxiety
Depression
Bereavers
