摘要
集成了青藏高原气候区149个山地植被垂直带数据,利用国家基本气象台站自建站以来到2001年的地面观测日气象数据,计算了地面的温暖(WI)、寒冷(CI)、湿润(MI)、吉良龙夫(Kira)干湿指数、干燥度(Idm)等水热指数,运用GIS的空间分析模块,模拟了青藏高原水热条件的空间分布形势,探讨山地植被垂直带谱分布规律与制约因子的定量指标。结果表明:在高原的东北部、西北边缘,以荒漠、荒漠草原、山地森林、山地草原、灌丛、草甸为组合的半干旱、干旱结构向高原腹地以高寒草原、高山草甸、荒漠带组合的高寒干旱带谱结构的变化;东南、南部边缘,以温暖湿润为特征的以森林带为优势带谱组合结构逐渐向寒冷的高原中心变化;高原的地势效应,致使的水热形势呈现从中央向边缘变化的趋势是致使青藏高原植被垂直带谱分布的重要原因。
A total of 149 altitudinal belt spectra of mountain vegetation were digitally integrated. In order to interpret the relationship between mountain vegetation belts and climatic factors, the spatial distribution of temperature-humidity indices （such as CI, WI, MI, Kira and Idm） , which are calculated from observatory data in the QinghaiTibetan Plateau, were analyzed by using the Spatial Analyst Tool of ArcGIS 9.0 software. The conclusions show that dry altitudinal vegetation belt spectra in the northeastern and northwestern borders of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau con- sisted of some or all of desert, desert-grass, forest, shrub, and steppe ; while alpine steppe, alpine meadow and alpine desert combine to form the dry and cold spectra in the middle of the plateau, and in the southern and southeastern the forest belt was preponderant. It suggested that the variation of climate from the peripheries to the central part in the plateau might influence the distribution pattern of vegetation spectra
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期663-670,共8页
Mountain Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40571010)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金共同资助~~
关键词
青藏高原
垂直带谱
分布
气候
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
altitudinal spectrum
distribution
climate
