摘要
判定外文原词性质的标准是语音。外文原词的读音不能纳入汉语的语音系统,汉语不能像英语那样用借形的方式吸收法语原词,保持其词形不变,改变其拼读方式。汉语不能通过借形的方式吸收外文原词,外文原词不能成为汉语借形词;外文原词是外语词,不是外来词。汉语吸收外文原词的主要方式是使其汉字化。带有原词性质的字母词,如外文原词和汉语语素构成的词、拼读的字母词、截短词、半缩略语、人名缩略语等很难真正成为汉语的词语,只能是难以融入汉语的外文语码。
Speech sound is the standard to judge the nature of foreign words. Speech sounds of foreign words can not be adopted into Chinese phonetic sound system, and Chinese can not absorb French words by borrowing their forms like English, altering pronunciations without changing word forms. It＇s impossible for Chinese to accept foreign words through borrowing forms, and therefore foreign words can not become Chinese loan forms; foreign words are not loan words. Chinese adopts foreign words mainly by means of Chinese characterizing them. It＇s really hard for alphabetic words with features of foreign words, such as words formed with foreign words and Chinese morphemes, transcribing alphabetic words, clipping words, half abbreviation, abbreviation of names and so on, to become real Chinese words, and they are merely foreign codes difficult to be assimilated by Chinese.
出处
《术语标准化与信息技术》
2009年第4期20-26,共7页
Terminology Standardization & Information Technology
基金
中国政法大学校级人文社会科学研究项目资助
关键词
外文原词
汉语借形词
字母词
foreign word
Chinese loan form
alphabetic words
