摘要
目的探讨精神科封闭式管理病房的患际交往现状与特点。方法采用自制的患际交往问卷及信任他人量表、领悟社会支持量表等调查工具,分别于住院早期（1周末）、后期（4周末）,对394名精神科封闭式病房的住院患者进行测试。结果①住院早期、后期分别有51.8%、83.2%的患者认同患际交往的重要性;满意率分别为50.3%、54.1%;②住院早期,患际交往主要受模糊动机支配（54.8%）,人际吸引以疾病相似性（59.4%）为主;住院后期,以感情需要为优势动机（77.0%）,人际吸引以人格品质（64.5%）为主;③住院早期、后期,患者人际关系敏感评分分别为（2.05±0.63）分、（1.97±0.66）分,均高于普通人群（均P=0.000）;信任他人量表评分分别为（1.87±0.78）分、（1.88±0.76）分,均与普通人群相近（P=0.960、0.781）;④住院后期,患际交往时间、交往人数、领悟社会支持量表评分均高于住院早期（P=0.038-0.000）;⑤患际信息沟通对医疗的影响具有两面性。结论在精神科封闭式病房住院治疗过程中,患际交往是一种重要的、特殊的医疗关系,需予重视并进一步研究。
Objective To study the status and features of inter-patients communications in closed-management psychiatric ward. Methods A total of 394 psychiatric patients were investigated with self-developed Inter-patient Communications Questionnaire, Trust in People, Percieved Social Support Scale,et al. in early （1st weekend）and late （4th weekend）stage of hospitalization. Results ①There were 51.8% and 83.2% patients who agreed the importance of inter-patients communications in early or late hospitalization stage,while the satisfaction rate was 50. 3% and 54. 1% respectively. ②The inter-patients communications were usually dominated by fuzzy motivation （54.8 %） or affectional needs（77 %）and attracted by the similarity of suffering （59.47 % ） or personality （64.5 %）in early or late times respectively. ③The score of intrepersonal relation subscale was significantly higher in psychiatric patientsin in early or late times （2.05±0.63） and （1.97±0. 66） than in general population（P=0. 000） while the scores of Trust in People （1.87±0.78） and （1.88±0. 76） were similar with general population（P=0. 960, 0. 781）. ④The patients would have more friends , spend more time in patient-to-patient communications and perceived more support from communications in late times of hospitalization than in early times（P=0. 038-0. 000）. ⑤The efforts of inter-patients communications had a biphasic affection on treatment. Conclusion The inter-patients communications should be such an important and special medication relation in closedmanagement psychiatric ward that need more attention and research.
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2009年第11期1284-1287,共4页
China Journal of Health Psychology
关键词
精神疾病患者
住院
人际交往
问卷调查
Psychotic
Hospitalization
Interpersonal communications
Questionnaire
