摘要
环境放射化学是伴随着人们对环境中放射性核素健康效应的关注于20世纪50年代产生的一门交叉学科。在过去的半个多世纪里,作为放射化学的一个重要分支,环境放射化学在世界范围内得到快速发展。目前,由于对高放废物安全性的严重关切,人们需要深入了解一些弱吸附性放射性核素和超铀核素在环境介质中的扩散、迁移、吸附、解吸以及在植物和水生生物中的吸收、富集和载带过程,以便为处置库安全评价提供基础参数。本文简要介绍了环境放射化学的产生、发展、现状及未来发展趋势,以期为我国环境放射化学教育和科研服务。
Environmental radiochemistry was developed up in the middle of the 1950th along with the concerns of the health effects of radionuclides in the environment. During the past half century, as an important branch of radiochemistry, the environmental radiochemistry has been developed up rapidly in the world. Currently, since the serious concerns of the safety of high level radioactive wastes, the diffusion, migration, sorption in environmental media and taking up by plants and aquatic animals of weakly sorbed and long lived radionuclides need to be well understood in terms of safety assessment of geologic repositories. This paper briefly reviews the development of environmental radiochemistry, and the current focus of foundmental research of environmental radiochemistry in China is presented.
出处
《核化学与放射化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第B07期45-52,共8页
Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry
关键词
环境
放射化学
现状
趋势
environment
radiochemistry
current status
developments
