摘要
利用青海、西藏59个测站1971—2004年夏季(6~8月)的月平均气温和北太平洋(10°S^50°N、120°E^80°W)1970—2003年的冬季(上年12月~次年2月)平均海表温度,通过EOF、REOF、SVD等方法,对青藏高原地区夏季气温和前期冬季北太平洋海温的异常特性以及两者之间的空间遥相关特征进行了研究,并对北太平洋冬季海温及青藏高原夏季气温的年代际空间特征进行了分析。结果表明,北太平洋冬季海温的异常分布型有:(1)赤道中东太平洋与西北太平洋海温相反分布型,(2)副热带北太平洋海温东西反相分布型,(3)北太平洋海温南北反相分布型,(4)北太平洋海温东西一致分布型。其中赤道中东太平洋与西北太平洋海温反相变化是冬季北太平洋SSTA的主要空间分布特征。进一步分析表明,北太平洋冬季海温可分为6个气候区:赤道中东太平洋区、加利福尼亚海流区、黑潮区、亲潮区、阿拉斯加海流区和中太平洋区。青藏高原地区夏季气温的异常分布型主要为(1)全区一致的偏高(低)型,(2)南北相反分布型,(3)周边地区与腹地相反分布型。青藏高原夏季气温可分为4个主要气候区:东北部区、西藏东南部区、中部区和南部边缘区。冬季赤道中东太平洋SSTA与次年夏季青藏高原地区区域性温度异常之间有较为明显的负相关关系,这种关系在两者的其它空间关系中是第一位的。
With EOF, REOF and SVD, the spatial anomaly features of both the North Pacific SSTA and the summer temperature over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and their correlations are studied by using the air temperature data at 59 observational stations in summer for the period 1971-2004 and the North Pacific sea surface temperature of 286 grid points in the areas of 10°S～50°N, 120°E～80°W in winter from 1970 to 2003. The characteristics of the North Pacific SSTA and the temperature anomalies over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer among the decades have also been analyzed. The results show that there are four main spatial patterns of the North Pacific SSTA in winter. The first pattern is a seesaw between the Equatorial Mid-East Pacific and the Northwest Pacific; the second pattern is a variation in the opposite phases between the eastern and the western regions of the Subtropical Pacific; the third pattern is a seesaw between the southern and the northern parts of the North Pacific; the fourth pattern is consistently higher （lower） than normal. Among the above patterns, the first one is the the main feature of the spatial pattern of North Pacific SSTA in winter. The sea surface temperature of the North Pacific in winter can be divided into six sub-regions： The Equatorial Mid-East Pacific, the area of California Current, the Kuroshio district, the Oyashio district, the Alaska Current and Mid Pacific. There are three main spatial patterns of the temperature over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer. The first pattern is consistently higher（lower） than normal; the second pattern is a seesaw between southern and northern regions; the third pattern is an opposite trend of variation between the border and the hinterland. The temperature over the Qinghai- Xizang Plateau in summer can be divided into four sub-regions： the Northeast Plateau, the southeast part of Tibet, the Middle of the Plateau, and the southern border of Tibet. Clear teleconnections really exist between the SSTA in east equatorial Pacific in winter and
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期711-722,共12页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2007CB411506)资助
关键词
青藏高原
夏季气温
北太平洋冬季海温
空间遥相关
Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
Summer temperature
Winter SSTA
Spatial teleconnection
