摘要
结直肠癌是目前世界上常见的恶性肿瘤之一，每年约有40万患者死于此病。在西方发达国家，它是肿瘤致死的常见原因。我国的发病率原本较低，但近年来随着国民饮食和生活习惯的改变，其发病率逐渐上升，并且以平均每年4．2％的速率递增。根据卫生部2002年的报告，我国结直肠癌的发病率已由20世纪70年代的第6位升至20世纪90年代的第3位，并且年死亡率上升至16．83／10万。
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and rectal cancer accounts for a large percentage of this disease in Chinese patients. Surgical extirpation is the mainstay of therapy. Intraluminal ultrasound is highly accurate in detecting depth of invasion and lymph node metasta- sis, and is also helpful in preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Preoperative adjuvant therapy could down-stage tumors, improve the radical resection rates of advanced lower rectal cancer, increase the rate of sphincter-saving surgery, and decrease the local recurrence rate. Total mesorectal excision could significantly decrease the local metastasis of rectal cancer, and rectal cancer resection with preservation of pelvic autonomic nerve is effective in preventing urinary or reproductive dysfunction. Recently, minimally invasive surgery has been introduced for the management of rectal cancer, and transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a new method with advantages in rectal cancer treatment.
出处
《中华消化外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2009年第5期321-323,共3页
Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery
关键词
直肠肿瘤
诊断
治疗
Rectal neoplasms
Diagnosis
Treatment
