摘要
为了探明黄土高原地区油菜蜜蜂授粉增产效果,建立蜜蜂为油菜授粉示范推广基地,在黄土高原中部干旱、半干旱地区甘肃省甘谷县安远镇,利用400群意大利蜜蜂的蜂场为白菜型油菜天油4号进行授粉试验。观察点距蜂群500m、700m、1000m、2000m、3000m、4000m、5000m和无蜂对照区油菜籽产量、出油率、结荚率、千粒重和角粒数5个指标。结果表明:授粉距离越近,访花蜜蜂数越多,授粉效果越好,与自然授粉比较,油菜籽产量增产9.01%～48.7%,结荚率提高1.88%～73.3%,千粒重增加1.63%～8.07%,出油率提高1.94%～10.12%,角粒数提高11.20%～46.34%。在黄土高原地区,利用意大利蜜蜂为白菜型天油4号油菜授粉,授粉半径越小,授粉效果越显著,距离蜂场1000m区域内的授粉效果最好。
In order to evaluate the effect of honeybee Apis MeUifera L pollination on oilseed rape in Loess plateau, a apiary of 400 honeybee colonies was used to pollinate the oilseed rape （Tianyou 4） at Anyuan, Gangu, Gansu province in 2008. The data of the yield, oil yielding rate, pod setting rate, 1000-grain weight and seed number per pod were collected at the sites of 500m,700m,1000m,20OOm,3000m,4000m,5000m away from the apiary. Compared with the control, the yield increased from 9.01% to 48.7%, the pod setting rate increased from 1.88% to 73.3%, the 1000-grain weight increased 1.63% to 8.07%, the oil yielding rate increased 1.94% to 10.12% and the seed number per pod increase 11.20% to 46.34%. The results showed that the effects of honey- bee pollination on oilseed rape were improved along with the distance decreased away from the apiary in Loess plateau.
出处
《中国蜂业》
2009年第10期12-14,共3页
Apiculture of China
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-041)
国家蜜蜂产业技术体系建设专项经费
关键词
黄土高原
油菜
意大利蜜蜂
授粉
Loess plateau, Brassica compestris L., Apis Mellifera L., pollination
