摘要
目的:探讨高中生在认知性情绪调节策略的使用以及其对抑郁症状预测作用的性别差异。方法:采用横断面研究设计,在湖南2所普通中学高中部的一年级和二年级各随机抽取5个班级,获得有效样本505人,其中女生262人,男生243人,完成认知性情绪调节问卷和流调中心用抑郁量表。结果:女生认知性情绪调节问卷的自我责难、沉思、灾难化分量表分均高于男生[(12.1±2.2)vs.(11.4±3.1),(12.2±3.3)vs.(11.3±3.6),(8.4±3.0)vs.(7.7±3.0);P=0.002,0.004,0.012],而积极重新关注、理性分析分量表分均低于男生[(11.2±3.0)vs.(12.0±3.4),(13.7±2.5)vs.(14.4±2.7);P=0.005,0.003]。多元回归分析的结果提示,在女性样本中,9个认知性情绪调节策略总的解释方差值为39%(R2=0.39),高水平的自我责难、沉思、灾难化可以显著增加抑郁发生的可能性。而在男性样本中,9个认知性情绪调节策略总的解释方差值为27%(R2=0.27),高水平的自我责难、沉思、灾难化以及低水平的积极重新关注和理性分析可以显著增加抑郁发生的可能性。与女生相比,男生的积极重新关注(β=-0.15)和理性分析(β=-0.18)均可以显著减少抑郁症状的发生。结论:高中生认知性情绪调节策略的使用以及其对抑郁症状的预测具有显著的性别差异。
Objective： To explore the gender differences of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in senior high school students. Methods： The cross-section sample was composed of 505 high school students （ 262 girls and 243 boys） . The sample were recruited in a random sampling way of 5 classes of first-or second-year high school students respectively from 2 middle schools in Huuan province, China. They were tested with the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results： Females reported higher scores in Self-blame, Rumination, Catastrophizing than males [ （ 12. 1 ± 2. 2 ） vs. （ 11.4± 3. 1 ）, （12.2±3.3） vs. 111.3±3.6）, 18.4±3.0） vs. 17.7±3.0）; Ps〈0. 05], and reported lower scores on Positive refocusing and Putting into perspective than males [ （11.2±3.0） vs. （12.0±3.4）, （13.7±2.5） vs. （ 14. 4± 2.7 ） ; Ps 〈 0.01 ] . Significant differences were found in the extent to which specific cognitive strategies were related to the reporting of depressive symptoms. In both groups, higher extents of reporting Self-blame, Rumination and/or Catastrophizing as strategies were strongly related to higher depression scores （ P 〈 0.05 ） . But only in males group, higher extents of using Positive refocusing and Putting into perspective were significantly related to lower depression scores （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . The cognitive emotion regulation strategies explained 39% of the variance in depression scores in females and explained 27% of the variance in depression scores in males. Conclusion： Significant gender differences exist in the use of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in this sample of senior high school students, which are related to the prediction of depressive symptoms.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第9期670-673,676,共5页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
性别差异
青少年
认知策略
情绪调节
对照研究
gender differences
adolescence
cognitive strategies
emotion regulation
case-control study
