摘要
To further increase millet yield, the ideal plant in millet has become the goal of high yield breeding for millet. Taking crossbreeding or dynamic breeding technique as dominant and technologies such as modern selection or system selection as subsidiary, progenies with ideal plant are selected by using new germplasms such as Lilvgu and Lizigu with the significant difference in plant type to other cultivars as parents. The ge- netic characteristics of new germplasms in breeding are also emphatically analyzed to summarize the breeding experience of ideal plant, which has been proved that the combination of ideal plant and heterosis utilization is one of the important ways to raise millet yield breakthrough.
1材料与方法1．1育种材料及其特点2003年笔者在杂交组合“小黄谷三万×安5012”后代材料中发现2个株系，其穗短粗，直立，穗柄较粗，上部叶片挺拔上冲，中下部叶片随叶位的降低逐渐增大与茎的夹角，且叶色深绿，较符合谷子理想株型形态特征。其中一个株系幼苗鞘色为绿色，另一个为紫色，分别命名为“立绿谷”和“立紫谷”。这2个姊妹系虽然株型良好，但是其他农艺性状表现较差，主要缺点是：①杆高，较易倒伏。②生育期长，较晚熟。③产量性状差。表现为穗小，开花授粉不集中，成熟灌浆速度慢，结实性差，秕谷多。同年冬在海南南繁加代时，针对其缺点依据亲本性状互补的原则配制杂交组合对其进行重点改良，
基金
Supported by the "Eleventh Five-Year "National Science and Tech-nology Supporting Plan(2006BAD02B02-01-02)
National Modern Millet Industry System Fund~~
