摘要
目的通过分析柳州市1991—2008年间发生的34起急性职业中毒事故,研究其发生的原因、特点、规律,为探索预防对策和措施提供依据。方法收集中毒事故的现场流行病学调查资料,对事故发生的时间、行业、企业性质、毒物类别、中毒场所、事故发生原因及救援等要素进行统计分析。结果柳州市近9年的中毒事故发生呈上升趋势;中毒事故以金属冶炼行业多发,高毒类化学品引起的事故居首位;救援人员中毒多于现场作业人员中毒;发生事故的主要原因为缺乏安全教育和违反安全操作规程。结论应加强对硫化氢和砷化氢等高毒类和缺氧危险作业环境病死率较高的二氧化碳、一氧化碳等低毒类化学品中毒事故控制对策的研究。
[ Objective] Through the analysis of 34 cases of acute occupational poisoning from 1991--2008, to study the causes, characteristics and laws of these cases, and provide evidence for developing control measures. [ Methods] Collecting field epidemiological data of poisoning accident, the occurrence, industry, the nature of the enterprise, toxicology categories, poisoning places, the causes and rescue were statistically analyzed. [ Results] Poisoning accidents showed upward tendency in recent 9 years; most cases occurred in metal smelting industry, and most induced by highly toxic chemicals. More succors poisoned than workers with exposure; the main causes were the lack of safety education and the violation of safety operation regulations. [ Conclusion ] It is necessary to study the control measures of poisoning accidents induced by highly toxic chemicals of hydrogen sulfide and arsine as well as low toxicity chemicals of Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide with high mortality in hypoxia dangerous operating environment.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2009年第20期2144-2146,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
职业中毒
分析
防治对策
Occupational poisoning
Analysis
Control Measures
