摘要
[目的]寻求滴灌棉花不同生育期N、P肥配比的最佳施肥方案。[方法]在有机质含量较低、肥力中下、有效氮较贫的新疆垦区土壤上,应用6因子2次正交旋转组合设计,研究滴灌条件下随水施肥棉花不同生育期(苗蕾期、花铃前期、花铃后期)养分需求规律、N和P肥的最佳用量。[结果]在该试验土壤条件下,棉花各生育期施氮肥对棉花的增产效果非常明显,而磷肥仅在吸收较强的花铃后期表现出一定的增产作用。籽棉产量高于4 500 kg/hm^2的各生育期N、P配比的优化施肥方案依次是:苗蕾期氮(N_2)90.93～97.44kg/hm^2,磷(P_2O_5)15.53～19.44 kg/hm^2;花铃前期氮(N_2)163.31～168.08 kg/hm^2,磷(P_2O_5)27.84～30.77 kg/hm^2;花铃后期氮(N_2)41.37～45.71 kg/hm^2,磷(P_2O_5)66.96～72.65 kg/hm^2。[结论]该研究为确定棉花滴灌专用肥的配方及科学施用提供依据。
[ Objective ] The study aimed to seek for optimum fertilization scheme with different ratio of N and P fertilizers for eotton in different growth period under the drip irrigation condition. [ Method] On the soil in Xinjiang reclamation area with lower organic content, middle and low- er fertility and more poor effective-nitrogen, the 6 factor secondary orthogonal rotation design was applied to study the nutrient need rule and the optimum rate of N and P fertilizers for cotton fertilized along with watering under drip irrigation in different cotton growth period （ seedling and bud stage, prophase and anaphase of flower and bell）. [ Result ] Under the soil condition of this test, N fertilizer application had obvious yieldincreasing effect on cotton in different growth period and P fertilizer application only showed some yield-increasing effect on the cotton in the anaphase of flower and bell when the P could be absorbed strongly. The optimized fertilization scheme with different ratio of N and P for getting the cotton seed yield of 4500 kg/hm^2 in different growth period in order was follows ： applying N at 90.93 - 97.44 kg/hm^2 and P （ P2O5 ） at 15.53 - 19.44 kg/hm^2 ; in seedling and bud period, applying N at 163.31 - 168.08kg/hm^2 and P at 27.84 - 30.77 kg/hm^2 in prophase of flower and bell and applying N at 41.37 -45.71 kg/hm^2 and P at 66.96 -72.65 kg/hm^2 in anaphase of flower and bell. [ Conclusion ] This study provided the reference basis for determining the formula and its scientific application of special fertilizer for the cotton under the drip irrigation condition.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2009年第28期13586-13588,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
新疆兵团攻关项目"微滴灌高效固体复合肥的研究与开发"
关键词
棉花
滴灌
生育期
氮磷配比施肥
Cotton
Drip Irrigation
Growth period
Ratio of N and P fertilizers
