摘要
对56个小麦品种品质和产量的10个性状的遗传变异相关性和选择进行了初步研究。结果表明,抽穗期、单株穗数和千粒重的遗传变异较大,蛋白质含量的遗传变异最小;小区籽粒产量和单株穗数的环境变异系数最大,而蛋白质含量的环境变异系数最小;抽穗期、株高、千粒重、沉淀值的遗传力较高,其它性状状属于中等及中等以下的遗传力。从GS%看,对抽穗期直接选择最有效,对千粒重、株高、单株穗数和沉淀值的直接选择也有效。相关性和相关遗传进度的分析表明,通过干湿面筋间接选择蛋白质的相对效率较高,小区产量与4个品质性状均为负的遗传相关,千粒重间接选择产量的相对效率也较高,但千粒重和蛋白质含量为微弱的正相关,与沉淀值为负相关。因此要选出营养与烘烤品质皆优而又高产的良种有一定的困难。
The experiment was conducted during 1986-1987,1987-1988 growing seasons in Agronomic Experimental Station of Laiyang Agricultural college. The genetic variability, heritabilities and genetic response of 10 grain quality and agronomic characters of 56 winter wheat varieties, relationships among those characters and correlated genetic response were analysesd.The results of genetic and environment variability showed that: The genetic variabilities were high for days to ear, spike/plant.and 1000-grain weight, low for protein percentage. The coefficiences of environment variation were high for grain yield/plot and spike/plant, was lowest for protein percentage. The broad sense heritabilities were high for days to ear, plant height, 1000-grain weight and SDS sedimitation value, were low or middle for the other characters. From the results of GS% we can see that the direct selectoin of days to ear, 1000-grain weight, plant height, spike/plant and SDS sedimentation value were efficient. All of the four quality characters studied were positively correlated to each other at highly significant level, which meant that the improvements of both nutritive and baking quality simultaneously were possible. The relative selection efficience of protein content by dry and wet glutin content was high. Yield/plot were negatively correlated with the four quality characters and 1000-grain weight was slight positively correlated with protein percentage which indicated that it was even more difficult to breed a variety with high yield, high protein content and high baking quality.
出处
《莱阳农学院学报》
1990年第1期9-18,共10页
Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College
关键词
冬小麦
品质
遗传变异
稳定性状
winter wheat
quality
yield
genetic variability
correlation
heritability
