摘要
利用空气总悬浮物采样器和安德森颗粒物分级采样器,对陕西南部燃煤型砷中毒地区的室内外空气样品进行了采集和化学分析,探讨了室内外空气ρ(总砷)与煤w(砷)的关系,以及空气ρ(总砷)在不同粒径颗粒物中的分布特征.结果表明:室内外空气ρ(总砷)均与煤w(砷)呈显著正相关,烤火间空气ρ(总砷)与煤w(砷)的相关系数(R)为0.80(P<0.01);室外空气ρ(总砷)平均值与当地煤w(砷)平均值的相关系数(R)为0.97(P<0.01);烤火间空气ρ(总砷)高峰主要出现在向煤炉添煤3 h后的旺火期,且旺火期的室内空气ρ(总砷)与空气ρ(粉尘)呈显著正相关(R=0.74,P<0.05).与土木结构相比,砖混结构房屋有助于减少燃煤释放到空气中的砷在不同房间之间的扩散;室内不同房间之间、室外不同地点之间以及室内外的空气ρ(总砷)差异主要表现在颗粒物粒径小于2.1μm的部分;天气状况对室内空气ρ(总砷)随颗粒物粒径的分布没有明显影响.
In order to investigate the characteristics of arsenic （As） in indoor and outdoor air in the coal-burning pollution arseniasis area in the south of Shaanxi province, total air As concentrations were observed by sampling with total suspended particulate matter samplers. Meanwhile, As concentrations in different particle sizes were observed by sampling with Andersen ambient particle sizing samplers. Then, the relationship between air As concentrations and As content in burned coal and distribution of air As in different particle sizes were analyzed. The results showed that the total As contents in both indoor and outdoor air correlated significantly and positively with the As content in the burned coal （R = 0.80 and R = 0.97, respectively, P 〈 0.01） . High As concentration in indoor air appeared three hours after adding coal into stoves, with a positive correlation between air As and dust contents （ R = 0.74, P 〈 0.05）. In addition, As concentration in indoor air was found to closely relate to house construction structure. In comparison with civil structure, masonry structure can prevent As diffusion among different rooms. Differences in As concentrations between indoor air in different rooms, between different locations outside, or between indoor and outdoor air appeared mainly when particle sizes were less than 2.1 /μm. Weather conditions showed little effect on distribution of As concentration against particle sizes.
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期913-917,共5页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40571009)
关键词
煤
砷
空气
颗粒物
coal
arsenic
air
particulate matter
