摘要
通过大田试验研究了北疆地区膜下滴灌对风沙土盐分变化和棉花产量的影响。结果表明:棉花全生育期膜下滴灌处理0-100 cm土层平均含盐量以滴头处最低,棉花窄行间次之,膜间最高。随着滴灌定额的增加,0-100 cm土层土壤盐分含量下降,且各部位土壤含盐量差异变小。滴灌量2 850 m3/hm2的处理膜内滴头处土壤脱盐明显,但棉花窄行间、膜间明显聚盐,平均积盐率12.90%;滴灌量3 900 m3/hm2的处理膜内滴头下、棉花窄行间脱盐效果好于膜间,平均脱盐率11.88%;滴灌量4 950 m3/hm2的处理不同部位土壤盐分淋洗效果均较好,平均脱盐率34.03%;灌水量4 950 m3/hm2的沟灌处理棉花行间的土壤盐分含量高于沟底,平均积盐率为25.68%。膜下滴灌各处理棉花产量比沟灌分别增加13.63%,37.65%和22.66%,水分利用效率分别增加89.18%,71.63%和23.05%。
The field experiment was conducted at Paotai experimental station of Shihezi, Xinjiang in 2006. The results showed that through the whole cotton growing season, the lowest salt content at the 100era deep was at the emitter under the drip irrigation, and the highest salt content was observed between plastic films. With the increase of drip irrigation amount, average salt content at the 100 cm deep decreased, and salt content changed little in the different positions. Under the drip irrigation treatment with 2 850 m^2/hm^2 , soil salt was leached at the emitter, but salts were evidently accumulated between cotton lines and between plastic films, in this treatment the average ratio of salt accumulation reached 12.90%. Under the drip irrigation amount of 3 900 m^3/hm^2, salt was leached at the emitter and between cotton lines and the ratio of leached salt reached 11.88%. Under the drip irrigation amount of 4 950 m^3/hm^2, soil salt was evidently leached in different positions and the ratio of leached salt reached 34.03%. Under the furrow irrigation with the irrigation amount of 4 950 m^3/hm^2, salt content between cotton lines was higher than that in the furrow and the average ratio of salt accumulation was 25. 68%. Cotton yield under drip irrigation was increased by 13.63M, 37.65% and 22. 66% than furrow irrigation, and water use efficiency was increased by 89. 18%, 71.63% and 23.05%.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期96-100,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC17B04)
农业部“948”项目(2006-G52)
2008年公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803028)
关键词
膜下滴灌
盐分动态
棉花
风沙土
北疆地区
drip irrigation under plastic mulch
salt
cotton
aeolian sandy soil
north Xinjiang
