摘要
物权法规定的"无线电频谱资源属国家所有"似乎为建立频谱用益物权提供了依据。然而,频谱是无线电波的物理属性(频率)的集合,并非"物"本身,欠缺资源的自然属性,最多是一种准资源。只有在特殊含义的"稀缺"和"有用"语境下,才可称其为"资源"。频谱使用权是经行政许可获得的发射特定频率无线电波的行为权利,属于准物权范畴,不适于套用用益物权理论。为频谱使用权设计制度可以借鉴知识产权制度中的独占许可:全部制度设计围绕权利进行,其中没有物的交付、流转、占有和消耗。动态频谱分配技术的出现,尤其是认知无线电概念的提出,从根本上颠覆了"一频率一权利"的物权前提,基于独占的频率用益物权理念面临挑战。频谱准物权概念的提出将视角集中到权利,不仅解脱了证明频谱资源具有物权特征时的尴尬,还为其流转规范以及技术发展留下了足够的制度空间。
The provision of Real Right Law that radio frequency spectrum resources shall be in the ownership of the state construes the basis of establishing of frequency spectrum usufruct system. However, frequency spectrum is the aggregate of frequency, which is the physical attribute of radio wave, instead of object in any form. Frequency spectrum can not be treated as a resource, because it lacks the nature character. The right of spectrum utilization, which is the franchise of transmitting of the radio wave with specific frequency, belongs to quasi - real right, other than usufruct.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第5期144-148,共5页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
关键词
电信法
无线电频谱
准物权
用益物权
telecommunication law
frequency spectrum
quasi - real right
usufruct
