摘要
目的主要总结分析知觉性斜视的类型与视力障碍发病年龄的关系及知觉性斜视中分离性垂直性斜视的检出率。方法回顾性总结分析诊治的264例知觉性斜视患者的临床资料，包括导致视觉损害的病因分布，患眼视力情况，视觉障碍年龄与斜视类型的关系，分离性垂直性斜视（DVD）的检出率等。结果在264例知觉性斜视中，屈光参差、视网膜病变、视神经损害、先天性白内障、外伤性白内障占知觉障碍病因的前五位；患眼矫正视力为0．1-0．01者比例最高（50．38％）；小于1岁组33例（44．6％）发生内斜视，41例（55．4％）发生外斜视；1-5岁组10例（18．5％）发生内斜视，44例（81．5％）发生外斜视；大于5岁组8例（5．9％）发生内斜视，128例（94．1％）发生外斜视，三组间差异具有统计学意义，X^2=46．107，P=0．000。分离性垂直性斜视（DVD）的检出率为8．33％。结论屈光参差、视网膜病变、视神经损害、先天性白内障、外伤性白内障是导致知觉性斜视的主要病因；其中小于1岁与大于1岁者相比，发生内斜视的比例较大，1岁以后主要发生外斜视；知觉性斜视者可伴有DVD的存在，在水平斜视的手术中要考虑此问题。
Objective To analyze correlation of the age of onset of visual impairment with direction deviation of （esoor exotropia ）, and to explore a prevalence of dissociated vertical deviation （DVD）. Methods A total of 264 patients with sensory strabismus were reviewed. The contents analyzed include the frequency of etiologic factors leading to visual impairment,the visual acuity of eye with sensory heterotropia, the relationship between age of onset of visual decrease and the type of strabismus, the prevalence of DVD. Results The major causative factors of sensory heterotropia were anisometropia,retinopathy, damage of optic nerve, congenital and traumatic cataract. The visual acuity with involved eye from 0.1 to 0.01 were more common （50.38%）. Thirty-three cases developed esotropia （44.6%） in the group of less than 1 year old age, 10 cases （18.5%） developed esotropia in the group 1 to 5 years old, 8 cases （5.9%） developed esotropia in the group more than 5 years old,X^2=46.107,P=0.000. DVD was diagnosed in 22 patients （8.33%）. Conclusions The esotropia was encountered when the onset of visual impairment occurred at birth or less than 1 year old of age. Exotropia predominated in more than 1 year old children and adults. DVD may also occur in association with sensory heterotropia, we should take DVD into account when planning the surgical treatment of horizontal strabismus.
出处
《中国实用眼科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期877-879,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology
关键词
知觉性斜视
内斜视
外斜视
分离性垂直性斜视
Sensory heterotropia
Esotropia
Exotropia
Dissociated vertical deviation （ DVD ）
