摘要
目的了解下呼吸道感染中表皮葡萄球菌药物敏感性及其临床意义。方法（１）对１９９０年～１９９６年间普通病房下呼吸道感染住院患者的合格痰标本进行培养、分离鉴定，研究表皮葡萄球菌分离率；（２）以纸片（ＫＢ）法或琼脂稀释法测定分离表皮葡萄球菌对常用抗生素的药物敏感性。结果（１）６２２８份痰标本中分离到细菌２６６０株，其中表皮葡萄球菌２５７株占９．７％，表皮葡萄球菌分离率为４．１％，在各病原菌中占第４位；（２）对２１种抗生素的药敏测定发现，除万古霉素外，表皮葡萄球菌对其它各抗生素均有耐药，耐药率在１５．２％～９８．１％，并存在多重耐药，其中亚胺培南、头孢噻吩、头孢哌酮为较敏感抗生素，耐药率分别为１７．１％、１８．７％和３０．０％，其它各抗生素的耐药率均在４８．３％以上，部分在８０％以上。结论表皮葡萄球菌在下呼吸道感染时分离率高，耐药性强，存在多重耐药，应引起重视。
Objective In order to realize the significance on the isolation and drug susceptibility of S.epidermidis from patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Method (1) Qualified sputum specimens from inpatients in general wards with lower respiratory tract infections were cultured for bacteria and identification between 1990 and 1996. (2) Drug susceptibility of commonly used antibiotics against isolated S.epidermidis strains was determined by KB methods or agar dilution method. Result (1)Two thousand and six hundred sixty strains of various kinds of bacteria were isolated from 6228 sputum specimens, 257 strains (9.66%) of which were S.epidermidis (ranking the forth). The isolating rate of S.epidermidis was 4.13%. (2) By determining the drug susceptibility of S.epidermidis to 21 commonly used antibiotics, it was found that this bacterium was resistant to all the agents except vancomycin in different levels, and the resistant rate ranged from 15.2% to 98.1%, of which many strains showed multidrug resistance. Vancomycin, imepinem, cefocefin and cefoperazone were relatively sensitive agents tested, the resistant rates being 0, 17.1%, 18.7% and 30.0%, respectively. The resistant rates of all other agents were higher than 48.5%, some of which higher than 80%. The resistant rate of penicillin G was nearly 100%. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the high isolating rate of S.epidermidis in the respiratory tract infections and the high drug resistance in some strains, and the role of this bacterium in the lower respiratory tract infections needs to be studied.
出处
《中华结核和呼吸杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第9期535-537,共3页
Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
