摘要
以路线-驾驶者-车辆仿真系统为行车试验手段，根据行驶过程中方向盘角输入和转速的时域变化，分析了多条路线的操纵负荷特性，试验路线的设计车速Vd为20-120km/h，含长大圆曲线、卵型、凸型、回头曲线等组合.结果表明：在Vd≥80km/h的山岭区高速公路上操纵车辆是非常容易的；当曲线半径大到一定程度时，曲线行驶和直线行驶已经不存在差别，但仍需要方向干预；当行驶速度偏离设计车速不多时，二、三级公路的操纵负荷虽比高速公路大，但还不至于造成驾驶者紧张，不过三级公路可能会使快速车辆操纵困难；卵型线是一种有利于操纵的组合形式，因为可以在中插回旋线上调整方向盘转角；相邻同向曲线的圆直点（YZ）和直缓点（ZH）共点时，YZ/ZH点处的曲率跳跃会导致操纵困难，建议处理成卵型；回头曲线使四级公路上的车辆操纵变得困难，省略回旋线会造成驾驶者紧张，为此应提供至少25m的回旋线.
Driving simulations on several highways were carried out using a roadway-driver-vehicle system, and steering task behaviors of highway alignment were analyzed based on angle and angular velocity time histories of steering wheel inputs. Alignments of analyzed highways involves long curves with large radii, oval curves, crest curves, and hairpin curves, with design speed from 20 to 120 km/h. The results show that, for freeway with 80 km/h design speed, even in mountainous area, lane keeping can be implemented by easy and regular steering behaviors; there are no significant differences in steering between curved segment and straight segment as curve radii exceed a certain value, but steering corrections are still required for both mild curves and tangents driving. For secondary roads and tertiary roads, the steering task may be more complex than that of freeway, but it would not make drivers nervous if traveling at design speed; however tertiary roads may bring difficulty for steering control of higher speed vehicle. Oval curves facilitate driving because steering inputs can be adapted on middle spirals. Superposition of CT （ point of change from circle to tangent） and TS （point of change from tangent to spiral） for two same direction adjacent curves may cause difficulty for steering control due to the curvature discontinuity at CT/TS, and oval curve can be a better choice. Hairpin curves as well as absence of spirals in fourth roads would result in handicap to steering, so spirals no less than 25 m should be adopted in the geometric design of fourth roads.
出处
《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期867-872,共6页
Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition
基金
四川省科技厅应用基础研究资助项目(08JC0068)
重庆交通大学交通运输工程重庆市重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2008CQJY001)
关键词
公路线形
操纵负荷
驾驶任务
驾驶仿真
道路安全
highway alignment
steering task
driving workload
driving simulation
road safety
