摘要
土壤是一个非均一的带电体系,因此土壤中离子扩散的推动力来自两个方面;一是浓度梯度,二是电位梯度。同时土壤作为一个非均一的带电体系,其离子的分布极为不均。可见土壤中的离子扩散不能直接用Fick扩散定律来描述,有必要建立起适合于土壤这个不均一的带电体系的离子扩散的基本方程。本文从热力学及物质扩散动力学的基本原理出发,导出了一组描述土壤中离子扩散的基本方程,并在实验的给定条件下,通过求解基本方程,对土壤中的离子扩散规律作出了成功的预言,初步验证了基本方程的正确性。
The motive forces of ion diffusion in soils as a non-uniform electric-field system come from two aspects: concentration gradient and electric potential gradfient. So the Fick's diffusion laws is unsuitable for describing ion diffusion in soils directly. It is necessary to advance new fundamental equations for describing ion diffuiom in soils.Based on the fundamental theory of thermodynamics and dynamics of material diffusion,a set of fundamental equations descriding ion diffusion in soils has been obtained under the given conditions of experiment and through solving the fundamental equations, suecessful predication of ion diffusion in soils has been made.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期321-327,共7页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
关键词
土壤
离子扩散
基本方程
Soil, Ion diffusion, Fundamental equation