摘要
紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa自花授粉率低，利用传粉昆虫辅助授粉紫花苜蓿是提高单位面积种子产量和经济效益的有效途径。高加索蜜蜂Apismellifera饲养管理方便、技术成熟、成本低。试验研究了高加索蜜蜂对俄罗斯紫花苜蓿授粉效果，结果表明：高加索蜜蜂吻特长，达7．2mm，每日访花始期为9：00．访花高峰期为12：00。访花结束期为18：00。访花适宜气温为15～25℃。访花速度为30～40朵／min，日平均访花次数为1．98万～2．64万朵／只。高加索蜜蜂授粉俄罗斯紫花苜蓿的有效放蜂容量为125000只／hm^2以上（6个以上强群高加索蜜蜂），俄罗斯紫花苜蓿最高表现种子产量为1067．6kg／hm^2。
It is a effective way to increase the seed yield of alfalfa by using pollinating insect, and for this purpose, the effect of Apismellifera on alfalfa pollination was studied. The result indicated that the beak length ofA. mellifera was 7.2 ram. It visited the flowers from 9：00 every day and the visit ing peak period was from 12：00 to 18：00. The suitable temperature for the visiting was from 15 to 25 ℃, and the visiting speed was 30 to 40 flowers per minute. The average number of visited flowers was 19800 to 26 400 flowers per day per head. The effective capacity of A. mellifera to pollinize Russian alfalfa was more than 125 000 heads/hme and the maximum seed yield was 1 067.6 kg/hm^2.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期147-151,共5页
Pratacultural Science
基金
黑龙江省科技厅高新技术产业化项目"俄罗斯优质紫花苜蓿种子产业化基地建设及其配套技术示范"(G20052300001)
关键词
俄罗斯紫花苜蓿
高加索蜜蜂
授粉
有效放蜂容量
Russian alfalfa
Apis mellifera
pollination
effective capacity of honeybee
