摘要
以南疆生态条件为背景,在不同质地土壤(砂壤土、重壤土)上对不同氮素水平(0、105、210、315、420kg.hm-2)处理下的棉花生物量和氮素积累与利用进行了大田试验,结果表明棉株生物量和氮素积累符合Logistic曲线模型;与重壤土相比,砂壤土能提早进入生物量和氮素快速积累期,最大积累速率出现日提前,更有利于棉花对养分的吸收;砂壤土、重壤土试点上分别以315、210 kg.hm-2氮素的棉株总生物量、氮素积累量最大,其动态积累模型的特征参数最协调,皮棉产量最高。因此可以通过施肥量调节现蕾后棉株生长特征值以获得高产。施肥过多易造成营养器官生长旺盛,虽然生物量和氮素积累量大,但不能及时向生殖器官转移,皮棉产量降低。
A field experiment with two soil textures （sandy loam and clay loam） and different levels of nitrogen application （0,105,210,315,420 kg · hm^-2） were conducted to study the dynamic characteristics of accumulation of dry matter and nutrient of cotton plant under the background of ecology in south of Xinjiang. The result showed that the total dry matter and nitrogen accumulation of cotton are in line with the Logistic model. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the dry matter and nitrogen uptake firstly increase, and then reach its highest value at 315 kg·hm^-2 on sandy loam and 9.10 kg·hm^-2on clay loam. The eigenvalues of the dynamic accumulation model with the nitrogen application level of 315 kg·hm^-2 and 210 kg·hm^-2 on sandy loam and clay loam, respectively, were more harmonious than that with other treatments. Excessive nitrogen delayed cotton maturity and increased the proportion of vegetative organs, thereby reduced their lint yield.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期160-166,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目
棉花高产优质高效栽培技术研究2006BAD21B02-1
新疆"十一五"重大专项项目
200731133-1
新疆维吾尔自治区土壤学重点学科基金项目
关键词
土壤质地
棉花
氮肥用量
生物量积累
氮素积累
Soil texture
Nitrogen application levels
Cotton
Biomass accumulation
Nitrogen accu-mulation
