摘要
为了揭示不同树种导水特性、水分传输规律及水氮影响机制,该文以一年生的桃树苗、梨树苗、苹果树苗为试验材料,采用美国Dynamax公司生产的高压流速仪(High Pressure Flow Meter简称HPFM)测定桶栽果树幼苗导水率,研究了不同水氮处理对果树幼苗生长和水分传导的影响。结果表明:不同水氮处理对果树苗的生长有显著的影响,水分对果树苗根系、冠层导水率的影响都达到了显著水平,随着土壤含水率的减小导水率依次降低,土壤干旱限制果树苗根系的生长发育和干物质的累积,从而降低了根系及冠层的导水率;氮素对果树苗的导水率也具有显著的影响,施氮肥可以促进果树苗根系和冠层导水率的增加;该试验条件下果树苗导水率与根粗、株高与根粗成线性相关关系。
In order to understand the mechanism of hydraulic conductivity, water transmission and the effect of water and nitrogen on varieties of fruit trees, the effects of different soil water and nitrogen treatments on growth and hydraulic conductivity of fruit tree seedlings were conducted by barrel experiments. Peach （Prunus persica （L.） Batsch）, pear （Pyrus spp. ） and apple （M. pumila Mill） seedlings were used as experimental materials. The values of hydraulic conductivity of fruit tree seedlings were measured with high pressure flow meter （HPFM, US Dynamax Company）. The results showed that there were significantly differences on growth of fruit tree seedlings under different water and nitrogen treatments. Soil moisture had significant effects on root and crown hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity decreased with the decreasing of soil moisture. Soil droughts limited the growth and biomass accumulation of the roots of the fruit tree seedlings, so the values of hydraulic conductivity of root and crown were decreased. Nitrogen also had significant effects on the hydraulic conductivity of fruit tree seedlings. Nitrogen fertilizer application could increase the hydraulic conductivity of root and crown of fruit tree seedlings. There are liner correlations between hydraulic conductivity and root diameter of fruit tree seedlings, height and root diameter of fruit tree seedlings under experimental conditions.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期46-51,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50579066
50879073)
关键词
土壤水分
氮肥
导水率
生长
果树幼苗
soil moisture, nitrogen fertilizer, hydraulic conductivity, growth, fruit tree seedlings
